Study on processes of dimethyl sulfide production in seawater, its emission to the marine atmosphere and formation of sulfate aerosol

为了对海水中悬浮颗粒物进行简单、快速的批量化学分析，研制了一种具有能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪的轻元素专用装置。我们还研制了一套基于氟诱导化学发光的大气DMS浓度快速测量系统，并成功地将涡旋相关方法应用于海洋空气中。作为夏季北太平洋西部次北极地区(R/V Hakuho-Maru)铁肥试验的一部分，我们在船上进行了夏季北太平洋西部次北极地区(R/V Hakuho-Maru)、春季初级生产高峰期三陆海域(R/V Tansei-Maru)的大气DMS浓度快速测量系统，以及夏季从亚北极太平洋西部到东部沿47°N的调查(R/V Mirai)。在施铁引起的浮游植物水华期间，CH3Br浓度升高。19‘-己酰氧基岩藻黄质的浓度与I-…呈线性相关S是几种裸子植物的生物标志物，海水中有CH_3Br。施肥后，斑块内CH3Br气-海通量由流入变为从海洋流出。通过对西亚北极太平洋水和空气中二甲基硫、卤代甲烷和异戊二烯的测定，浮游植物的形态和生理差异可能与大气和海水中VOCs分布的差异有关。在对马暖流锋区，海水中高浓度的挥发性有机化合物CH3Br2、CH2I2和CH2CII与大气中的VOCs浓度相关。结果在沿47°N的纵向断面上，海水中DMS浓度在180°E~140V之间最高，相应地大气中DMS浓度也相应增加。同时，海水中颗粒态钙的浓度随着海水中DMS浓度的增加而增加。CaCO3试验表明，嗜球藻的碎屑能反映海水中DMS的浓度。较少

For simple and quick bulk chemical analysis of suspended particles in seawater, a devise with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer that specialized for light elements was developed. A fast measurement system of atmospheric DMS concentrations based on the fluorine-induced chemiluminescence was also developed and succeeded to employ in the marine air to apply the eddy correlation method on ship board.Our shipboard simultaneous measurements of air and sea were carried out as a part of the iron fertilization experiment in the western subarctic North Pacific in the summer (R/V Hakuho-maru), at the Off Sanriku region during the high primary productive period in the spring (R/V Tansei-maru), and survey along 47°N from western to eastern subarctic North Pacific in summer (R/V Mirai). During the phytoplankton bloom caused by iron fertilization, the concentrations of CH_3Br increased. A linear correlation was observed between the concentrations of 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin, which i … More s a biomarker of several prymnesiophytes, and CH_3Br in the seawater. After fertilization, the air-sea flux of CH_3Br inside the patch changed from influx to efflux from the ocean.Dimethylsulfide, halomethanes, and isoprene in the water and air measured in the western subarctic Pacific revealed that phytoplankton speciation and physiological differences are probably related to the differences of the distribution of VOCs in air and seawater. In the front region of Tsushima warm current, high concentrations of VOCs such as CH_3Br, CH_2I_2 and CH_2CII in seawater were correlated with in atmospheric concentrations. Results of the longitudinal transect along the 47°N, the highest DMS concentrations of seawater were observed between 180°E and 140V corresponding increases in the atmospheric DMS concentrations. At the same time, the concentration of particulate Ca in seawater increased with DMS concentration in seawater. It suggested that detritus of coccolithophorids with CaCO_3 test, reflect DMS concentration in seawater. Less