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The relationship of particle size and chemical composition between atmospheric mineral particles and deep-sea sediment particles

大气矿物颗粒与深海沉积物颗粒粒径与化学成分的关系

基本信息

批准号：
02640456
负责人：
UEMATSU Mitsuo
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Hokkaido tokai University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have analyzed the samples of particles existing in the atmosphere, in the water column, and in the deep-sea sediments by using the Scanning Electric Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS), and Automated Individual Feature Analyzer.We summarized as follows :(1) Atmospheric aerosols were collected by a step sampler which can sample automatically with certain time interval. We obtained the suitable flow rate of 1 -1/min for this equipment. We also collected aerosol samples by high volume air samplers in Sapporo and Vladivostok, CIS for two years during 1990-1992. The series of 24-hours sample was obtained during the period from April to May, 1991(2) Deep-sea sediment core samples were obtained from the basin of the Japan Sea (water depth 3600m) during the two cruises in 1990 and 1991. At the same time, we attempt to collect suspended particles in near bottom seawater.(3) After carbon coating treatment, particle samples were analyzed for their features and chemical … More components by the SEM and EDS system. We obtained that the precision of elemental analysis by this system was within 10% for 10 major elements calibrated by the standard glasses and rocks.(4) From the analysis of feature and elemental analysis, atmospheric aerosols can be categorized with several groups which are enriched with SI-AI, Si, Fe and some trace elements. The particle size tends to be larger during the day time, and to be smaller during the night.(5) From the analysis of deep-sea sediments, the waddel diameter of 3mum was obtained from the 300 individual particle analysis. There still remain the problems that how to calculate the size of needle or irregular shape particles.(6) From the analysis of pollution components for aerosols, fine particles from anthropogenic sources are transported several hundreds kilometers. Transport pass of these particles is very similar to that of mineral aerosols which is related to Kosa phenomena.(7) The deep-sea sediment cores were cut with a several millimeter thickness, then analyzed with the SEM and the EDS. The peaks of Fe and Mn concentrations were observed at different depth which was not able to separate with the common methods. Less

利用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和自动个体特征分析仪对大气、水柱和深海沉积物中存在的颗粒样品进行了分析。总结如下：(1)采用步进式采样器采集大气气溶胶，该采样器可以按一定的时间间隔自动采样。我们得到了适合该设备的流量为1 -1/min。在1990-1992年期间，我们还在札幌和符拉迪沃斯托克用大容量空气采样器收集了两年的气溶胶样本。(2) 1990年和1991年两次巡航在日本海盆地（水深3600m）获得了深海沉积物岩心样品。与此同时，我们试图收集近海底海水中的悬浮颗粒。(3)采用扫描电镜和能谱仪对碳包覆后的颗粒样品进行特征分析和化学成分分析。结果表明，该系统对标准玻璃和岩石标定的10种主要元素的元素分析精度在10%以内。(4)从特征分析和元素分析来看，大气气溶胶可分为几类，它们富含Si - ai、Si、Fe和一些微量元素。粒径在白天较大，在夜间较小。(5)在深海沉积物分析中，通过对300个个体颗粒的分析，得到了3mum的waddel直径。如何计算针状或不规则颗粒的大小仍然是一个问题。(6)从气溶胶的污染成分分析来看，来自人为来源的细颗粒物被输送了几百公里。这些颗粒的输运过程与矿物气溶胶的输运过程非常相似，这与科沙现象有关。(7)对深海沉积物岩心进行了几毫米厚度的切割，并对其进行了扫描电镜和能谱分析。铁和锰的浓度在不同的深度处都有不同的峰，用一般的方法是无法分离的。少