Genetic analysis of isozyme and molecular markers in horticultural crops and its application to chromosome identification

园艺作物同工酶和分子标记遗传分析及其在染色体鉴定中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
06454041
负责人：
KOBA Takato
金额：
$ 0.58万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In Brassica campestris (2n=20, AA), a linkage map was constructed with 10 isozyme and 52 molecular (RAPD) markers. It was consisted of ten linkage groups which is the same to the number of haploid chromosome constitution. On the linkage map, genes for morphological and physiological characters such as bolting time, leaf morphology, leaf hairiness and self-incompatibility, were localized. Genes for bolting time which were closely linked to the isozyme marker, Got-1 and Pox-3, were found to be responsible to long photoperid condition. On the other hand, in B.nigra (2n=16, BB), five isozyme band regions were found to be controlled by the alleles of single loci. Based on the isozyme and molecular markers identified in the present study, localization of genes for useful characters on the map and identification of each chromosome can be performed. By crossing diploid species to tetraploid ones, triploid plants were obtained. Aneuploids having alien chromosomes will be produced and identified by using isozyme and molecular markers.In the genus Allium, classification of nine cultivars of A.fistulosum were carried out by using RAPD markers and their phylogenetic relationships were clarified. In order to localize molecular markers, in situ hybridization was also carried out using rDNA of common wheat as the probe on the chromosomes of A.fistulosum, A.fistulosum var. viviparum and A.schoenoprasum. Sizes of the regions hybridized and morphology of the chromosomes hybridized were different among the species observed. RAPD markers as well as rDNA will be applied for analysis of aneuploids which will be derived from the cross between 'Seitakanegi', an amphidiploid line, and its parent A.fistulosum.

在Brassica Campestris（2n = 20，AA）中，用10个同工酶和52个分子（RAPD）标记构建了一个连锁图。它由十个链接组组成，这些连锁组与单倍体染色体构成的数量相同。在链接图上，局部化了形态学和生理特征的基因，例如螺栓时间，叶子形态，叶子毛皮和自我兼容性。发现与同工酶标记物，got-1和pox-3紧密相关的螺栓时间的基因是对长光前体状态负责的。另一方面，在尼格拉（2n = 16，bb）中，发现五个同工酶带区域由单基因座的等位基因控制。基于本研究中确定的同工酶和分子标记，可以在地图上定位有用特征的基因定位，并可以执行每个染色体的鉴定。通过将二倍体物种跨越四倍体植物，获得了三倍体植物。使用同工酶和分子标记物将产生和鉴定具有外星染色体的非整倍体。在属的属属中，通过使用RAPD标记进行了九种fistulosum品种的分类，并阐明了其系统发育关系。为了定位分子标记，还使用普通小麦的rDNA作为原位杂交作为对A.Fistulosum染色体的探针，A.fistulosum var。 Viviparum和A.schoenoprasum。在观察到的物种中，染色体杂交和形态的大小不同。 RAPD标记和rDNA将用于分析非子倍体，这些非子倍体将源自“ seitakanegi”（两栖类线的seitakanegi'之间的交叉，及其父型a.fistulosum。