DEVELOPMENT OF THE ERGONOMIC JOB LOAD ASSESSMENT SYSTEM THAT CAN FACILITATE WORKPLACE IMPROVEMENTS

(1)通过为期两年的研究，将心理生理监测和基于检查表的小组工作相结合，建立了一个实用的工效学工作负荷评价体系。(2)1994年，选择了影响工效学工作负荷的主要因素，包括材料搬运、工作站操作、信息显示、危险源筛选、福利设施和工作组织。设计了一套新的工作负荷评估系统，该系统由连续生理监测装置、主观疲劳感和负荷感觉问卷以及改进行动清单组成。(3)设计并测试了工作负荷监测的四通道连续记录仪。该设备能够在IC存储器中记录心率、综合肌电水平和上半身倾斜。时间研究结果可以通过红外传输的方式输入到设备中。通过记录疲劳感、疲倦身体部位和精神负荷评估来分析主观变化，设计了由上述领域的改进行动组成的行动检查表结构，使检查表结果可以由小组讨论。(4)1995年，新的评估体系应用于实际工作情况，包括机器操作和护理工作。制定了现场使用行动核对表，以便能够在直接观察工作情况的基础上指出可行的改进行动。在这些研究的基础上，编制了一套易于应用的工作负荷评估程序，该程序由工作负荷监测仪、疲劳和精神负荷队列以及改进行动清单组成。审查了应用该系统所需的预防措施。

(1)A practical system for ergonomic assessment of job load was developed through the two-year study program by combining psychophysiological monitoring and checklist-based group work.(2)In 1994, main factors of ergonomic job load were selected including materials handling, workstation operations, information display, screening hazard sources, welfare facilities and work organization. A new job load assessment system was designed to comprise a continuous physiological monitoring device, subjective fatigue and load feeling questionnaires and improvement action checklists.(3)The four-channel continuous recording device for job load monitoring was designed and tested. The device was able to record in IC memories heart rate, integrated electromyographic levels and upper body inclination. Time study results could be put into the device by means of infrared transmission. Subjective changes were analyzed by recording fatigue feelings, fatigued body parts and mental load evaluation, The structure of action checklists consisting of improvment actions covering the above-mentioned areas was designed so that the checklist results could be discussed by small groups.(4)In 1995, the new assessment system was applied to actual working situations including machine operations and care work. Field-use action checklists were designed that made it possible to point out practicable improvment actions on the basis of direct observation of the working situations. The assessment procedures for combining the use of these checklists with the continuous monitoring and quesionnaires were developed.(5)Based on these studies, an easy-to-apply package of job load assessment was compiled that consisted of a job load monitoring device, fatigue and mental load quesionnaires and improvement action checklists. Precautions required in applying the system were reviewed.