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Fundamental and applied studies of activation analysis using the newly developed three internal standard methods

使用新开发的三种内标方法进行活化分析的基础和应用研究

基本信息

批准号：
59470030
负责人：
YAGI Masuo
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1984 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The newly developed three internal standard methods, i.e., the stable isotope dilution activation analysis, the internal standard and internal reference methods for activation analysis, have the greate advantages that the comparative standard spiked with interesting elements has the same matrix as the sample, and that the absolute concentrations of the interesting elements can be evaluated easily by using very simple equations even when the sample and comparative standard are irradiated separately by particles with different flux. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the above methods, in the present studies several fundamental and applied experiments have been tried successively as follows. (1) developement of the stable isotope dilution activation analysis in which the self-shielding effect is negligible, and its application by means of photon activation; (2) determination of strontium in biological materials by charged-particle activation analysis using the stable isotope dilution method; (3) simultaneous determination of Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, Ga and Zr in aluminiun alloys by charged-particle activation analysis using the internal standard method; (4) simultaneous determination of Ca, Rb, Sr and Ce in environmental materials by photon activation analysis using the stable isotope dilution method; (5) highly accurate and precise multielement determination of environmental samples by means of photon activation using the internal standard method; (6) instrumental photon activation analysis of environmental materials using the internal standard method. In consequence, it was proved that the highly accurate and precise determinations of interesting elements in a wide variety of materials can be achieved effectively and favourably by using the above each method. Through these experiments, it was also suggested that each method plays an important role as a very valuable multielement technique for all sorts of activation analysis.

新近发展起来的稳定同位素稀释活化法、活化法内标法和内标法三种内标法，最大的优点是添加了感兴趣元素的比对标样与样品具有相同的基质，即使在样品和比对标物分别受到不同通量的粒子照射时，也可以很容易地用非常简单的方程来估算感兴趣元素的绝对浓度。为了证明上述方法的有效性，在本研究中，先后进行了以下几个基础和应用实验。(1)可忽略自屏蔽效应的稳定同位素稀释活化分析的发展及其应用：(2)稳定同位素稀释法测定生物材料中的锶；(3)用内标法同时测定铝合金中的钛、铬、铁、铜、镓和锆；(4)用稳定同位素稀释法同时测定环境材料中的Ca、Rb、Sr和Ce；(5)采用内标法进行高准确度和精密度的环境样品的光子活化分析；(6)采用内标法进行环境材料的仪器光子活化分析。结果表明，上述各种方法均能有效、良好地实现多种材料中感兴趣元素的高准确度和精密度测定。通过这些实验还表明，每种方法作为一种非常有价值的多元素技术在各种活化分析中都发挥着重要的作用。