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Activation Analysis of Trace Impurities in Metallic Materials for Breeder and Fusion Reactors, and Measurements of Their Specific Activities

增殖堆和聚变反应堆金属材料中痕量杂质的活化分析及其比活度测量

基本信息

批准号：
01580219
负责人：
YAGI Masuo
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In recent years, fundamental and applicable studies on the developments of most suitable materials for breeder and fusion reactors have been made extensively. In these developments, as a matter of course, the actual conditions of radioactivation due to the major and minor elements and trace impurities in such materials must be seized accurately under a new viewpoint. Although such studies can generally be performed by radioactivation method using the materials analyzed previously with instrumental methods, the above actual conditions of radioactivation containing trace impurities can be achieved only by the use of the internal standard method coupled with the standard addition method as an absolute standardization method, which is resulted simultaneously in the concentrations and specific activities of all of the interesting elements. In the present studies, simultaneous determination of specific activities and concentrations of major alloying elements and impurities, such as Ti, Cr, C … More o, Ni, Cu, As, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sb, Sn and Pb, in many kinds of low and high alloy-steels were performed by photon activation analysis with 20 and 30 MeV bremsstrahlung using the above absolute standardization method, because the above samples are forced to use as irreplaceable materials for breeder and fusion reactors, and because photon activation produces the same radioactivities as those by (n, 2n) reactions due to fast neutrons. Furthermore, measurements of the specific activities produced in the above samples were also carried out similarly by using 60 and 100 MeV bremsstrahlung. On the basis of the results obtained, the actual conditions of radioactivities produced in each sample irradiated for 1000 hours with 20, 30, 60 and 100 MeV bremsstrahlung were calculated, and it was elucidated that the intensities of radioactivities produced in each sample were greatly affected by its major and minor components. On the other hand, simultaneous determination of a variety of impurities in B, Dy, Ho, Ce, Tb, Dy, Ho and/or their compounds as materials for reactors has also been examined by proton activation using the above absolute standardization method. From the results obtained, it was also proved that determination of the impurities in the above samples not only but the actual conditions of radioactivities produced can be seized satisfactory by the above method. Less

近年来，人们对发展增殖堆和聚变堆最合适的材料进行了广泛的基础和应用研究。在这些发展中，当然，由于这些材料中的主要和次要元素和微量杂质，必须在新的观点下准确地掌握放射性活化的实际条件。虽然这类研究一般可采用放射活化法，使用先前用仪器方法分析的材料进行，但上述含有痕量杂质的放射活化的实际条件只能通过使用内标法结合标准加入法作为绝对标准化方法来实现，这同时导致所有感兴趣元素的浓度和比活度。在本研究中，主要合金元素和杂质，如Ti，Cr，C的比活度和浓度的同时测定， ...更多信息采用上述绝对标准化方法，用20和30 MeV的韧致辐射，对多种低合金和高合金钢中的O、Ni、Cu、As、Zr、Nb、Mo、Sb、Sn和Pb进行了光子活化分析，因为上述样品被迫用作增殖反应堆和聚变反应堆的不可替代材料，并且因为光子活化产生与（n，2n）由于快中子引起的反应。此外，还通过使用60和100 MeV的韧致辐射类似地进行了上述样品中产生的比活度的测量。根据所获得的结果，计算了用20、30、60和100 MeV韧致辐射照射1000小时的每个样品中产生的放射性的实际条件，并阐明了每个样品中产生的放射性的强度受其主要和次要成分的极大影响。另一方面，还使用上述绝对标准化方法，通过质子活化来同时测定作为反应器材料的B、Dy、Ho、Ce、Tb、Dy、Ho和/或它们的化合物中的多种杂质。从所得结果还证明，用上述方法不仅可以测定上述样品中的杂质，而且可以满意地掌握放射性产生的实际情况。少