Farewell from the 'Reverend'. The Crisis of Priesthood after the Second Vatican Council

任何对20世纪60年代至80年代德意志联邦共和国天主教生活的变化和连续性感兴趣的人都关注语义，实践和情感，不能忽视牧师群体，相反，在天主教会以圣礼为中心的牧灵工作中，神职人员是一个主导角色，原因有很多：作为话语人物，作为宗教团体领域的演员，作为情感归因的生产者和对象。在19世纪和20世纪初，他们的地位被大规模地升级为“整体角色”，涉及他们的神圣性和他们的田园实践。在调查期间可以看到的变化经历得更加彻底。这些变化与神职人员及其工作的榜样和期望有关。从“信仰的见证人”和“顾问”到“危机中的代理人”——自我和外部形象的范围越来越广，而且越来越多。特别是在群体的内观及其与外行人的区别和关系方面发生了剧烈的变化。这些变化，它们的动力和后果将通过两个项目来考虑：“神父的形象和培训”（第一个项目）自20世纪60年代以来，由于梵蒂冈第二届大公会议的新神学冲动和对当时经常讨论的“神父危机”的反应而发生变化。在德国发展的背景下，主要以m<s:1> nster和Munich-Freising的教区为例，我们将调查招聘，培训实践和内部和外部反思是如何变化的。始于20世纪60年代的“神父与团结团体”代表了一种新的神职人员自我组织形式。他们为他们的神职人员建立了“教会内部自我反省和神职人员批评论坛”（第二个项目）。通过讨论独身或反映教会内部的权力结构他们接受了经常争论的问题不仅通过区分自己来发展这些问题，而且还与教区的管理部门合作。根据第一个部分项目，将在德国发展的背景下，对m<s:1> nster和Munich-Freising教区的过程进行举例调查。通过分析自我和外部形象，相关的祭司习惯和在这种背景下实践的感觉导航（威廉·雷迪），这个项目与语义-实践-情感的三步相联系，这是本研究小组的组成部分，并有助于联合讨论。

Anyone interested in changes and continuities of Catholic life in the Federal Republic of Germany from the 1960s to the 1980s focussing at semantics, practices and emotions can’t ignore the group of the priests, on the contrary: Within the Catholic church’s sacramental-centred pastoral work the clergy was a dominant actor for many reasons: as a discourse figure, as actors in the field of the religious community and as producer and object of attribution of emotions.In the 19th and in the beginning oft he 20th century, their position was massively upgraded to a “total role“ concerning both their sacrality and their pastoral practice. The changes which can be witnessed within the investigation period were experienced all the more radically. These changes relate to the role models and expectations of the clergy and his work. From the ‘witness of faith‘ and the ‘consultant‘ to the ‘agents in crisis‘- there was a wide and increasing range of possible self- and external images. Especially intensive changes have been occuring in the group’s inward-looking view and its distinction and relation to the lay persons.These changes, their dynamics and consequences will be considered by two projects: the “Image and Training of Priests“ (first project) were subject to change since the 1960s both because of the second Vatican Council’s new theological impulses and in the reaction to the “priests‘ crisis“ which was frequently discussed at that time. On the background oft he German development and mainly using the examples of the dioceses of Münster and Munich-Freising we will investigate how the recruitment, the training practice and the internal and external reflection have changed.The “priests‘ and solidarity groups“ which started from the 1960s on represented a new form of clergy’s self-organisation. They established “forums of inner-church self-reflection and clerical criticism“ (second project) for their priestly members. By discussing the celibacy or reflecting the power structures within the church they took up frequently debated issues and didn’t only develop them by distinguishing themselves from, but also in cooperation with the administrations of the dioceses. According to the first partial project the processes in the dioceses of Münster and Munich-Freising will be investigated examplarily on the background of the German development.By analysing self- and external images, the relating priestly habitus and the navigation of feeling (William Reddy) practiced in this context this project is connected with the three-step of semantics-practices-emotions that is constitutive for this research group and contributes to the joint discussion.