A Study on Hydraulic Behaviors of Air-Bubble Plumes in Stratified Water Body

本文通过实验和数值模拟的方法，研究了空气通过孔口进入水体后引起的水流的水力特性。实验室测量的时均速度和湍流度数据表明，气泡羽流的基本特征与对称密度羽流或射流相似，但在喷口附近和靠近自由表面的区域除外。考虑气泡体积变化的数值模拟分析与速度分布扩展的实验信息相结合，可以较好地反映作者和Kobus等人所测得的流场。本文还将气泡羽流的模拟模型应用于进行了现场实验的油藏。数值模拟结果与实测结果的对比表明，该模型适用于水库掺气水流的预测，并将水库富营养化过程与该模型相结合，进行了水质预测。在富营养化模型中将浮游植物分为三种。数值结果表明，水质可以重现使用这里提出的模拟模型，至少，定性，虽然需要进一步的调查与现场观测，以验证计算结果。

In this study, hydraulic behabiors of the flow induced by the air dischrged into water body through an orifice are investigated by experimental and nnmerical simulation approaches. The experimental data of time-averaged velocity and turbulence measured in the laboratory show that the fundamental characteristics of the air-bubble plume is similar to the ones of symmetrical density plume or jet, except for the regions near the orifice and close to the free surface. The numerical simulation analysis considering the change of air-bubble volume together with the experimental intormation of the spread of velocity profiles can represent the flow field which have been measured by the authors and Kobus. The simulation model concerning the air-bubble plume is also applied to the reservoir where the field experiments were performed. Comparison between the numerical results and observed ones indicates that the simulation model is applicable to the prediction of flows induced by aeration in reservoirs.The eutrophication process in reservoirs is combined with the simulation model described above and the prediction for the water quality is performed. Phytoplankton is divided into three species in the eutrophication model. Numerical results indicate that the water quality can be reproduced using the simulation model proposed here, at least, qualitatively, though further investigations with field observations are required to verify the calculation results.