Emissivity measurement of metallurgical materials.

发射率是分析高温过程最基本的性质之一。然而，在火法冶金领域可获得的数据很少，因此数据的积累是必要和重要的。由于发射率对样品的表面性质相当敏感，因此经常可以观察到，可应用的实际值与作为光学常数引用的发射率有所不同。因此，在整个研究过程中，只要测量条件能够明确描述，就尽可能地将实验条件设置为模拟实际的实验条件。在本研究中，首先，研制了三种实验装置，利用UV-NIR和IR光谱仪两套系统测量可见光到红外区的光谱发射率和总发射率。2)利用红外光谱发射率测量装置测量了熔融的铝、银、金和固体铂片的光谱发射率，并用红外光谱仪(…)进行了测量。测量了铂板的总发射率随温度的变化关系。4)通过实验验证了系统的可靠性。5)以实际生产中可能遇到的半透明样品为例，测量了熔融碳酸钠包覆的石墨和银的发射率。另一方面，研制了具有实际意义的粉末样品发射率测量装置。8)利用该装置测量了氧化铝和石墨粉在近红外波段的发射率。9)结果表明，粉末中空洞的存在掩盖了样品的块状性质，10)无论是何种粉末，其发射率都接近于1。目前，我们正在努力开发测量系统，下一步将测量以下系统：铜和铁及其合金，铜马特和铁渣，固态和液态。较少

Emissivity is a one of the most fundamental properties for the analysis of the high temperature processes. Nevertheless, there are little data available in the pyrometallurgical field, so the accumulation of the data is necessary and important. Because the emissivity is quite sensitive on a surface properties of sample, it can be frequently observed that the actual value which can be apllied is somewhat different from the emissivity cited as optical constant. Thus, it has been kept throughout the study that the experimental condition is set up as a simulated to practical one as possible, so long as the measuring condition can be described definitly.In this study, at first, 1) three experimental apparatus were developed to measure the spectral emissivity in visible to infrared region by two sets of systems using UV-NIR and IR spectrometer, and total emissivity. 2) By these apparatus, spectral emissivity of molten Al, Ag, and Au and solid Pt plate was measured through visible to ir regio … More n, and 3) total emissivity of Pt plate was measured as a function of temperature. 4) From these experiments, the reliability of the systems were confirmed. 5) Next, for an example of a semi-transparent sample which can be met in practical processes as molten slag layer, emissivities of graphite and silver covered with molten sodium carbonate were measured. And 6) transmissivity of molten sodium carbonate was derived by the combination of these two data.On the other hand, 7) measuring apparatus for the emissivity of powder sample which is practically important was developed. 8) Using this apparatus, emissivity of alumina and graphite powder were measrued in nir region. 9) Results showed the presence of void in powder smeared out the character of a bulk property of sample, and 10) their emissivities approached to unity irrespective of kinds of powder.Hitherto, most effort has been made to a development of measuring systems, and following systems will be measured as next step; Cu and Fe and their alloys, Cu matt and Fe slags in solid and liquid states. Less