Central and peripheral nervous system regulation of fat metabolism.

中枢和周围神经系统脂肪代谢的调节。

• 批准号: 60480136
• 负责人: SHIMAZU Takashi
• 金额: $ 4.22万
• 依托单位: Ehime University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1985 至 1986
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60480136/
• 关键词: fatty acid synthesis; brown adipose tissue; thermogenesis; ventromedial hypothalamus; sympathetic nerve; HMG-CoA reductase; vagotomy; 代謝調節

1. Effects of ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) stimulation on lipid metabolism and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) were studied in rats. Electrical stimulation of VMH was found to cause a marked increase in the rate of triglyceride synthesis in BAT preferentially and a rapid rise in the temperature of this tissue. Since stimulation of VMH has already been known to induce breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissues, these results suggest that VMH stimulation increases thermogenesis in BAT by accelerating both the breakdown and resynthesis, that is, the turnover, of triglycerides. The thermogenic and lipogenic responses of BAT to VMH stimulation were almost completely abolished by surgical sympathetic denervation of BAT, indicating that the effects of VMH stimulation are mediated by the sympathetic nerve supply of this tissue.2. Effects of bilateral lesions of VMH on BAT metabolism were studied in rats, in relation to a development of obesity after hypothalamic lesions. Elec … More trolytic lesions of VMH led to accumulation of triglycerides and hypertrophy of BAT, which were associated with enlargement of constituent adipocytes and their apparent transformation from multiloculated structure of lipid droplets into the uniloculated structure. The rate of fatty acid synthesis in BAT and its temperature rise in response to sympathetic nerve stimulation were both reduced markedly after VMH lesions. These results indicated that thermogenesis in BAT was impaired in rats with VMH lesions by decreasing triglyceride turnover in the tissue, which might contribute to the development of obesity induced by VMH lesions.3. Effects of surgical vagotomy and sympathectomy on diurnal fluctuation of the activity of HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, were studied in rat liver. Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy suppressed the normal diurnal fluctuation of the enzyme activity, whereas hepatic sympathectomy tended to amplify the enzyme fluctuation. The result suggests that the diurnal fluctuation of cholesterogenic activity of the liver is under neural influences. Less

1. 研究了下丘脑腹内侧（VMH）刺激对大鼠棕色脂肪组织（BAT）脂质代谢和生热作用的影响。研究发现，VMH 的电刺激会优先导致 BAT 中甘油三酯合成速率的显着增加以及该组织温度的快速升高。由于已知 VMH 刺激会诱导脂肪组织中甘油三酯的分解，因此这些结果表明，VMH 刺激通过加速甘油三酯的分解和再合成（即周转）来增加 BAT 中的生热作用。 BAT对VMH刺激的生热和脂肪生成反应几乎被BAT去交感神经手术完全消除，表明VMH刺激的作用是由该组织的交感神经供应介导的。2．在大鼠中研究了 VMH 双侧损伤对 BAT 代谢的影响，这与下丘脑损伤后肥胖的发展有关。 VMH 的电溶解损伤导致甘油三酯的积累和 BAT 的肥大，这与脂肪细胞组成的增大及其从脂滴的多房结构向单房结构的明显转变有关。 VMH损伤后，BAT中脂肪酸合成速率及其响应交感神经刺激的温度升高均显着降低。这些结果表明，VMH损伤大鼠的BAT生热作用因组织中甘油三酯周转减少而受损，这可能导致VMH损伤引起的肥胖的发生。3．研究了迷走神经切断术和交感神经切除术对大鼠肝脏 HMG-CoA 还原酶（胆固醇合成限速酶）活性昼夜波动的影响。双侧膈下迷走神经切断术抑制了酶活性的正常昼夜波动，而肝交感神经切除术则倾向于放大酶活性的波动。结果表明，肝脏胆固醇生成活性的昼夜波动受到神经的影响。较少的

项目成果

Iwai, M., Saheki, S., Ohta, Y. and Shimazu, T.: "Footshock stress accelerates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats: implication of the sympathetic nervous system." Biomedical Research. 7. 145-154 (1986)

Iwai, M.、Saheki, S.、Ohta, Y. 和 Shimazu, T.：“足部休克应激会加速四氯化碳诱发的大鼠肝损伤：交感神经系统的影响。”

Shimazu,T.;Noma,M.;Saito,M.: Brain Research. 369. 215-223 (1986)

Shimazu,T.；Noma,M.；Saito,M.：大脑研究。

Shimazu, T., Noma, M. and Saito, M.: "Chronic infusion of norepinephrine into the ventromedial hypothalamus induces obesity in rats." Brain Research. 369. 215-223 (1986)

Shimazu, T.、Noma, M. 和 Saito, M.：“将去甲肾上腺素长期输注到下丘脑腹内侧会诱发大鼠肥胖。”

Iwai,M.;Saheki,S.;Ohta,Y.;Shimazu,T.: Biomedical Research. 7. 145-154 (1986)

Iwai，M.；Saheki，S.；Ohta，Y.；Shimazu，T.：生物医学研究。

Minokoshi, Y., Saito, M. and Shimazu, T.: "Metabolic and morphological alterations of brown adipose tissue after sympathetic denervation in rats." Journal of Autonomic Nervous System. 15. 197-204 (1986)

Minokoshi, Y.、Saito, M. 和 Shimazu, T.：“大鼠去交感神经支配后棕色脂肪组织的代谢和形态变化。”