ANALYSIS OF NEURONAL RESPONSIVENESS IN PRESTRIATE CORTEX USING CONPUTER-CONTROLLED HIGH-SPEED CRT DISPLAYS.

由一台计算机、一个RAM磁盘和两台高速crt组成一个三维视觉刺激器，为三维运动感知提供视觉线索（运动视差和尺寸变化）。采用三维刺激器对正常猫和暹罗猫的克莱尔-毕晓普皮层神经元反应性进行了研究。正常的CB细胞是双眼驱动的，通过运动视差（MD）或运动视差与大小变化（SC）的结合来激活。对单个MD表现有反应的细胞可分为三种反应类型：1)被MD激活的最佳接近（AP）细胞用于AP运动，被MD激活的隐性（RC）细胞用于RC运动，以及被MD激活的前沿平行（FP）细胞用于FP运动。那些对联合视觉线索有反应的人包括AP和RC，对AP运动的MD与尺寸增加的组合或RC运动的MD与尺寸减少的组合有反应。在暹罗猫17-19区几乎所有的细胞都是单眼驱动的，而在DB皮层中发现了大量的双眼细胞。相应地，脑后皮层包含了所有类型的3D细胞，这些细胞对MD的单一表现或MD和SC的联合表现都有反应。因此，至少在暹罗猫中，脑后皮层是编码双目3D运动信号的第一个阶段，而在正常猫中，脑后皮层很可能也是整合3D运动信号的地方。

A three-dimensional (3D) visual stimulator was constructed of a computer, a RAM disk and two high speed CRTs to present visual cues (motion disparity and size change) for perception of 3D motion. Neuronal responsiveness was investigated in Clare-Bishop (CB) cortex of the normal and siamese cats using the 3D stimulator. Normal CB cells were binocularly driven and were optimally activated by single presentation of motion disparity (MD) or combined presentation of MD with size change (SC). Those responsive to single presentation of MD were classified into three response types: 1) Approaching (AP) cells optimally activated by the MD for AP motion, recessive (RC) cells activated by the MD for RC motion, and frontoparallel (FP) cells activated by the MD for FP motion. Those responsive to the combined visual cues included AP and RC responsive to either a combination of the MD for AP motion vs size increase or that of the MD for RC motion vs size decrease.In siamese cats practically all cells in areas 17-19 were monocularly driven, while numerous binocular cells were found in DB cortex. Correspondingly, CB cortex contained all types of 3D cells responsive to single presentation of MD or combined presentation of MD and SC. Therefore, at least in siamese cats the CB cortex is the first stage that encodes binocular 3D motion signals, and it is likely that the CB cortex is the place for integration of 3D motion signals also in normal cats.