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In vitro study of rat visual cortical plasticity

大鼠视觉皮层可塑性的体外研究

基本信息

批准号：
09480233
负责人：
TOYAMA Keisuke
金额：
$ 8.9万
依托单位：
KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09480233/
关键词：
PLASTICITY fast LTP slow LTP protein kinase visual cortex staurosporine protein kinase 可塑性視覚野

项目摘要

In vitro study of rat visual cortical plasticityA debate between the prenatal vs. postnatal theory has long been one of the central issues in neuroscience. Recently, it has been shown that two basic structures in the cerebral cortex, the layer and columnar organizations, depend on the gene and learning, respectively. We have been studying the plasticity responsible for learning of the columnar organization in the visual cortex by in vitro approach, investigating the plasticity as long term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission in the rat visual cortical slices. We found two types of LTPs. Fast (fLTP) developed almost immediately (in 5 min.) after theta-burst stimulation of the white matter while slow LTP (sLTP) developed gradually (in one hour). The two LTPs exhibited the following distinct properties. First, the fLTP occurred in the adult as well as young rat slices, while the sLTP preferentially occurred in the young slices. Second, the induction of the fLTP was blocked by blockers of the NMDA receptors (APV) while that of the sLTP was blocked by blockers of the voltage-gated Ca channels as well as those of the protein and RNA syntheses. Third, sLTP expressed in the first and second order geniculo-cortical synapses while fLTP expressed in the axon collateral synapses in layers 5 and 6. These findings indicate that the sLTP is the substrate for the developmental plasticity underlying formation of columnar structures such as the ocular dominance and orientation columns while the fLTP is that for the adult plasticity underlying learning phenomena such as adaptation.

大鼠视觉皮质可塑性的体外研究产前与产后理论的争论一直是神经科学领域的核心问题之一。最近有研究表明，大脑皮层的两种基本结构，即层状组织和柱状组织，分别取决于基因和学习。我们在体外研究了大鼠视觉皮层柱状组织中负责学习的可塑性，研究了突触传递的长时程增强（LTP）可塑性。我们发现了两种类型的ltp。快速（fLTP）在刺激脑白质后几乎立即（在5分钟内）发展，而慢速LTP （sLTP）在1小时内逐渐发展。两个ltp表现出以下不同的特性。首先，fLTP发生在成年和幼龄大鼠切片中，而sLTP优先发生在幼龄大鼠切片中。其次，fLTP的诱导被NMDA受体阻滞剂（APV）阻断，sLTP的诱导被电压门控Ca通道阻滞剂以及蛋白质和RNA合成阻滞剂阻断。第三，sLTP表达于第一级和第二级膝皮质突触，fLTP表达于第5层和第6层的轴突侧突突触。这些发现表明，sLTP是发育可塑性的基础，是眼优势柱和定向柱等柱状结构形成的基础，而fLTP是成人可塑性的基础，是适应等学习现象的基础。