Study on Indoor Thermal Environment of Traditional Vernacular Houses and Modern Passive Cooling Houses in Seasonally Hot and Humid Areas

通过对比传统民居与现代民居的室内热环境，从材料、结构、设计、细节等方面的差异，说明传统被动制冷方法在季节性湿热地区现代民居中的应用要点。本文的研究结果如下：1。从日本传统民居的词汇中选取被动式冷却方法相关词汇，并根据房屋的位置或日本的地区进行分类。收集被动式设计实例，通过问卷调查设计人员对被动式制冷的态度。调查结果表明，对被动冷却效果进行精确评估是必要的。在九州和冲绳的10座传统民居中，证实了几种从现代住宅中消失的传统被动冷却方式的冷却效果。在那霸的一个现代被动式冷库中，对其冷却效果进行了详细的研究。自然通风，排热，双层围护屋顶，植被，洒水屋顶。在福冈，一个完全电气化的实验房子被测量来检查以下项目的冷却和节能效果；空调系统包括地暖/制冷、接地地板和地下室外部隔热。位于德山的一个隔热和空气密封良好的试验屋进行了测量，以检查对以下项目的影响；双玻璃窗，塑料窗框，一个附属的地下房间，冷却管和中央空调热泵系统。

The point of applying traditional passive cooling method to modern houses in seasonally hot and humid area is shown through the comarison of indoor thermal environments between traditional vernarcular houses and modern houses referring the difference of materials, structures, designs, and details. The results of this research are as follows:1. The words relaiting to passive cooling methods were selected from vocablaries of tradi-tional vernacular houses in Japan and classified as to the distinction of location in the houses or the region in Japan.2. The questionnaire to survey the attitude of designers to passive cooling was conducted gathering the examples of passive design. The survey showed the necessity of exact estimation of passive cooling effect.3. Several kinds of traditional passive cooling methods vanished from modern houses were confirmed their cooling effects in ten traditional vernacular houses in Kyushu and Okinawa Islands.4. A modern passive cooling houses in Naha was scrutinized its cooling effects as to the followings; natural ventilation, heat exhaustion, double enveloped roof, vegetation, and water sprinkled roof.5. An experimental house, completely electrified, in Fukuoka was measured to examine the cooling and energy saving effects of the following items; air-conditioning systems including floor-heating/-cooling, earth contact floors, and outside heat insulation of its basement.6. A test house, well heat insulated and air tightened, in Tokuyama was measured to examine the effects as to the following items; pair-glazed windows, plastic window sashes, an attached underground room, cooling tubes, and a central heat-pump system for air-contioning.