Pharmacological Studies of the Pathogenesis of Cerebral Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and its Treatment.

本研究的目的是(1)建立一种体外血管灌流系统；(2)评价各种血管活性物质在铝内和铝外应用时的血管反应。1)血管活性物质腔内和腔外给药的效果比较：KCl腔内给药对兔基底动脉的收缩作用明显强于腔外给药。5-羟色胺引起的收缩在任何一种应用中都是相同的。血红蛋白诱导的收缩在腔外应用比腔内应用更强。然而，没有观察到统计学差异。腔外给药比腔内给药引起的收缩略强。2)腔内和腔外血红蛋白对内皮依赖性松弛的抑制作用的比较：腔内给药时，血红蛋白对Ach和ATP诱导的松弛的抑制作用明显强于腔外给药。3)脑脊液对内皮依赖性松弛的抑制作用与脑血管痉挛的关系：有血管痉挛的SAH患者的CSF对内皮依赖松弛的抑制作用明显强于无血管痉挛的患者。4)内皮依赖松弛的物种差异：在内皮完整的犬基底动脉，在兔的基底动脉上，ATP和Ach均能显着地松弛5-羟色胺引起的收缩。在猴和人脑动脉上，ATP和A23187均能明显地松弛PGF和Lt；@D2@&gt；DD2阿尔法引起的收缩。

The purpose of the present studies were (1)to develop an in vitro vascular perfusion system and (2)to evaluate the vascular responses to various vasoactive agents when those were applied intraluminally and extraluminally.1)Comparison of the effects by intraluminal and extraluminal administration of vasoactive agents:Intraluminal administration of KCl produced significantly stronger constrictions of rabbit basilar arteries than the extraluminal administration. Serotonin-induced contraction was the same with either application.Hemoglobin-induced contraction was stronger with extraluminal application than with intraluminal application. However, no statistical difference was observed. Extraluminal administration of endothelin induced a little bit stronger contractions than the intraluminal administration.2)Comparison of intraluminal and extraluminal inhibitory effects of hemoglobin on endothelium-dependent relaxation:Hemoglobin's inhibition of Ach- and ATP- induced relaxation was significantly greater with intraluminal than with extraluminal application.3)Relationship between inhibitory effects of cerebrospinal fluids(CSF) on endothelium-dependent relaxation and cerebral vasospasm:CSFs collected from SAH patients with vasospasm showed significantly stronger inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation than those collected from the patients without vasospasm.4)Species differences of endothelium-dependent relaxation:In canine basilar arteries with intact endothelium, ATP induced strong relaxations of the-5-HT-induced contraction while Ach did not induce marked relaxations.In rabbit basilar arteries both ATP and Ach induced marked relaxations of the 5-HT-induced contraction.In monkey and human cerebral arteries either ATP or A23187 relaxed markedly the PGF<@D2@>Dd2 alpha-induced contraction.