Brain Train? – High-Speed Rail Stations as focal points for the knowledge economy

大脑训练？

• 批准号: 437850433
• 负责人: Dr. Angelika Münter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: ILS - Institut für Landes- und Stadtentwicklungsforschung gGmbH
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/437850433?language=en
• 关键词: Brain; Train; Speed; Rail; Stations

Transport infrastructure determines accessibility and thus the spatially unequally distributed potential of interaction. Accessibility is an important prerequisite for knowledge exchange and production, which, against the background of the transformation to the knowledge economy, has an increasing influence on urban and regional development. As a result of the expansion of high-speed rail (HSR) in many countries in recent decades - including Germany - HSR stations are now among the central access points for national passenger transport. By means of their accessibility effects, they not only influence the probability of interaction between resident companies and households, but they also have the potential to catalytically influence locational decisions and thus the spatial structure itself, in the medium to long term. These catalytic effects make HSR a potential instrument of regional planning and policy. This is of high societal and political relevance, particularly against the background of past and future large public investment sums in HSR infrastructure.Scientifically, the question of highest interest is whether such medium- and long-term effects of HSR stations - dependent on further influencing factors - can be observed. The recent academic discussion is far from unequivocal on the assessment of these effects and emphasizes the need for further research. It also focuses on the fast-growing transport systems in China, Spain and France, which are, however, only to a limited extent comparable with those in Germany. In addition, most studies consider the effects of accessibility improvement through aggregated inputs and outputs, while lacking spatially differentiated analyses and local drivers as well as qualitative bottom-up methods.The aim of this project is to systematically estimate the functional and spatial effects of HSR stations in Germany on decision-relevant scale levels. A particular focus is placed on the connection between the accessibility increase in the local and regional environment of HSR stations and the location decisions of knowledge economy firms. Our approach is based on a contrasting comparison of case studies and the principle of methodical triangulation: quantitative and qualitative approaches complement each other both in terms of the fine-grained nature of the data used and the combination of spatial-scientific analysis methods. In this way, we contribute to understanding the mutual reinforcing, catalytic effects of HSR infrastructure in Germany.

交通基础设施决定了可达性，从而决定了相互作用在空间上分布不均的潜力。可获得性是知识交流和生产的重要前提，在向知识经济转型的背景下，对城市和区域发展的影响越来越大。近几十年来，由于包括德国在内的许多国家高速铁路(HSR)的扩张，高铁车站现在是国家客运的中心接入点之一。通过它们的可及性效应，它们不仅影响当地公司和家庭之间互动的可能性，而且还有可能在中长期内催化影响区位决策，从而影响空间结构本身。这些催化作用使高铁成为区域规划和政策的潜在工具。这具有高度的社会和政治意义，特别是在过去和未来对高铁基础设施的巨额公共投资的背景下。从科学上讲，最感兴趣的问题是能否观察到高铁站的这种中长期影响--取决于进一步的影响因素。最近的学术讨论对这些影响的评估远非明确，并强调了进一步研究的必要性。它还关注了中国、西班牙和法国快速增长的交通系统，然而，它们在一定程度上只能与德国的交通系统相媲美。此外，大多数研究考虑了通过综合投入和产出改善可达性的效果，而缺乏空间差异分析和当地驱动因素以及定性的自下而上方法。该项目的目的是在决策相关的尺度水平上系统地评估德国高铁车站的功能和空间影响。重点特别放在提高高铁车站当地和区域环境的可达性与知识经济公司的选址决策之间的联系。我们的方法是基于案例研究的对比比较和有系统的三角测量原则：定量和定性方法在所用数据的细粒度性质和空间科学分析方法的结合方面是相辅相成的。通过这种方式，我们有助于了解德国高铁基础设施的相互加强和催化作用。