Wind Characteristics of Typhoon and Its Effect on Structures

研究了强风作用下的自然风特性及其对结构的影响。研究结果如下：1.强风的实地观测：京都大学盐之崎风效应实验室研究了大气表层空间相关系数的水平分布。风传感器的观测网络被布置成在水平面上形成二维延伸。相关系数的分布形状近似为一组同心椭圆.自然风作用下的模型试验：采用低层建筑模型，在强湍流和阵风作用下进行了风压测量。阵风的轻微不均匀性导致对称模型周围的流态不对称。采用绝对压力传感器与多通道管式压力计相结合的压力测量系统，成功地检测了压力场的变化 ...更多信息 d详细说明。静压探测器的研制：利用对应于32面体的圆形隆起的穿孔地球仪的内压和由风速计观测到的动压，研究了大气边界层中静压的全向探测器的可行性。这种多面体型的探测器是有希望的，如果增加面元的数目，并仔细测量内压的频率响应.边界层风洞实验：在京都大学Desaster预防研究所的边界层风洞中，对不同长宽比的方形截面棱镜周围分离剪切层形成的旋涡结构进行了实验研究。流动可视化使用干冰雾也已经做了澄清的位置的第一个漩涡的形成，涡街间距和对流速度的不同高度的棱柱。采用简单的Rankine涡表示，将机身表面和地板表面的压力场转化为涡量场，研究了尾流中的涡结构.强风灾害调查：进行了5次由辰卷引起的强风灾害调查。其危害比台风更为复杂，不仅有大风的危害，还可能有气压的急剧变化或吸起作用的危害。需要进行详细调查，以澄清这些现象。少

Natural wind characteristics under strong wind and its effect on structures were studied. The results are summarized as follows.1. Field observations of strong wind : The horizontal distribution of space co-relation coefficients was investigated in the atmospheric surface layer at Shionomisaki Wind Effect Laboratory Kyoto University. The observational network of wind sensors was arranged to form a two-dimensional extension in the horizontal plane. The shape of the distribution of the correlation coefficients was approximated by a group of concentric ellipses.2. Model experiments under natural wind : Wind pressure measurements were carried out under the highly turbulent and gusty wind using a lowrise building model. The slight non-uniformity of the gust produced the unsymmetrical flow pattern rround the symmetrical model. The pressure measuring system combined the absolute pressure transducers with the multi-channel tube manometer was successful to detect the change of the pressure fiel … More d in detail.3. Development of a detector of static pressure : The feasibility of a omnidirectional probe of the static pressure in the atmospheric boundary layer was investigated using the internal pressure of a perforated globe with circular rises corresponding to 32-hedron and the dynamic pressure observed by an anemometer. This detector of polyhedron type is hopeful, if the number of facets increases and the frequency response of the internal pressure is measured elaborately.4. Experiments in boundary layer wind tunnel : Experimental investigations of the vortical structure formed by the separated shear layer around square section prisms of various aspect ratios were carried out in the boundary layer wind tunnel at Desaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University. Flow visualizations using dry-iced mist have also been done to clarify the position of the first vortex formation, vortex street spacings and the convection velocity for the prisms of various heights. The vortical structures in the wake were examined by transforming the pressure field on the body and floor surfaces surfaces into vorticity field using a simple Rankine vortex representation.5. Survey of damage caused by strong wind : Five surveys of strong wind damage due to tatsumaki were performed. The damages are more complicated than those due to typhoon because the damages were caused not only by strong wind but also by rapid change of atmospheric pressure or suck up. Detailed investigations will be need to clarify those phenomena. Less