Wind Characteristics of Typhoon and Its Effect on Structures

研究了强风条件下的自然风特性及其对结构的影响。结果总结如下：1。强风野外观测：在京都大学盐onomisaki风效应实验室研究了大气表层空间相关系数的水平分布。在水平面上布置风传感器观测网络，形成二维延伸。相关系数的分布形状近似于一组同心椭圆。自然风条件下的模型实验：采用低层建筑模型，在强湍流和阵风条件下进行风压测量。阵风的轻微不均匀性导致了对称模型周围的不对称流型。将绝对压力传感器与多通道管式压力计相结合的压力测量系统成功地检测了压力场的变化。静压探测器的研制：利用32面体的圆形上升孔球的内部压力和风速计观测到的动压力，研究了大气边界层静压全方位探测的可行性。如果增加面数，并仔细测量内压的频率响应，这种多面体型探测器是有希望的。边界层风洞实验：在京都大学防灾研究所的边界层风洞中，对不同宽高比方形截面棱柱周围分离剪切层形成的旋涡结构进行了实验研究。使用干冰雾的流动可视化也被用来澄清第一个漩涡形成的位置、漩涡街间距和不同高度棱镜的对流速度。采用简单的朗肯涡表示法，将机体和底板表面的压力场转化为涡量场，对尾迹中的涡结构进行了研究。强风造成的损失调查：对由辰崎造成的强风损害进行了五次调查。由于其破坏不仅是由强风造成的，而且还与大气压力或吸力的快速变化有关，因此比台风造成的破坏更为复杂。需要进行详细的调查以澄清这些现象。少

Natural wind characteristics under strong wind and its effect on structures were studied. The results are summarized as follows.1. Field observations of strong wind : The horizontal distribution of space co-relation coefficients was investigated in the atmospheric surface layer at Shionomisaki Wind Effect Laboratory Kyoto University. The observational network of wind sensors was arranged to form a two-dimensional extension in the horizontal plane. The shape of the distribution of the correlation coefficients was approximated by a group of concentric ellipses.2. Model experiments under natural wind : Wind pressure measurements were carried out under the highly turbulent and gusty wind using a lowrise building model. The slight non-uniformity of the gust produced the unsymmetrical flow pattern rround the symmetrical model. The pressure measuring system combined the absolute pressure transducers with the multi-channel tube manometer was successful to detect the change of the pressure fiel … More d in detail.3. Development of a detector of static pressure : The feasibility of a omnidirectional probe of the static pressure in the atmospheric boundary layer was investigated using the internal pressure of a perforated globe with circular rises corresponding to 32-hedron and the dynamic pressure observed by an anemometer. This detector of polyhedron type is hopeful, if the number of facets increases and the frequency response of the internal pressure is measured elaborately.4. Experiments in boundary layer wind tunnel : Experimental investigations of the vortical structure formed by the separated shear layer around square section prisms of various aspect ratios were carried out in the boundary layer wind tunnel at Desaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University. Flow visualizations using dry-iced mist have also been done to clarify the position of the first vortex formation, vortex street spacings and the convection velocity for the prisms of various heights. The vortical structures in the wake were examined by transforming the pressure field on the body and floor surfaces surfaces into vorticity field using a simple Rankine vortex representation.5. Survey of damage caused by strong wind : Five surveys of strong wind damage due to tatsumaki were performed. The damages are more complicated than those due to typhoon because the damages were caused not only by strong wind but also by rapid change of atmospheric pressure or suck up. Detailed investigations will be need to clarify those phenomena. Less