Ground Magnetometer Responses to Sudden Solar Wind Pressure Impulses Using a Global Magnetogram Technique

由太阳风驱动的地球空间环境的动态变化产生了空间天气，这可能会影响空间和地面的技术。磁层对太阳风冲击的脉冲响应是这种天气的一个独特和容易识别的组成部分。这项研究是一项为期3年的数据分析和建模工作，旨在更好地了解这一基本反应，即所谓的地磁突然脉冲(SI)现象。它将应用新开发的技术来合成全球地面磁强计观测结果，并将这些观测结果与由观测到的太阳风和行星际磁场参数驱动的全球磁层模拟结果进行比较。特别关注的将是“非典型”SI事件。这项研究的结果有望提供一个更全面、更全球(所有纬度和当地时间)的地球磁层对外部施加的脉冲变化的基本反应的理解。虽然这项研究工作是由克劳尔教授正式提交的，但这项研究工作是由弗吉尼亚理工学院早期职业科学家蔡博士构思和制定的，他也将领导和执行大部分工作。这项研究的结果将以提高我们模拟空间天气的能力的方式提供我们的理解，从而能够更好地预测空间天气。因此，这项研究工作的结果预计将对社会产生直接的好处。

The dynamic variations in the geospace environment driven by solar wind produce space weather that can impact technology in space and on the ground. The impulsive response of the magnetosphere to solar wind shocks is a unique and easily identifiable component of this weather. This investigation is a 3-year data-analysis and modeling effort aimed at providing a better understanding of this fundamental response, the so-called geomagnetic sudden impulse (SI) phenomenon. It will apply newly developed techniques to synthesize global ground magnetometer observations and will also compare these observations with the results of global magnetosphere simulations driven by observed solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field parameters. Special focus will be on "atypical" SI events. The results of this study are expected to provide a more complete and more global (all latitudes and local times) understanding of the fundamental response of Earth's magnetosphere to externally imposed impulsive changes.While formally submitted by Professor Clauer, the research effort has been conceived and formulated by Dr. Cai, an early career scientist at Virginia Polytechnic, who also will be leading and carrying out most of the work. Results from this research will inform our understanding in ways that improve our ability to model space weather, thereby enabling better predictions of space weather. As such, the results of this research effort are expected to be of direct benefit to society.