Product lifecycle-oriented optimization of the manufacturing phase and the use phase of precision tools

以产品生命周期为导向优化精密工具的制造阶段和使用阶段

• 批准号: 438069924
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bergs
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Werkzeugmaschinenlabor - WZL
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/438069924?language=en
• 关键词: Product; lifecycle; oriented; optimization; manufacturing

Manufacturers of precision tools are confronted with a worldwide shortage of critical raw materials and increasing competition from East Asian companies. These factors mean that the cost pressure on German tool manufacturers, who manufacture 15 % of the precision tools manufactured worldwide, is increasing. Furthermore, the European Union obliges companies to document and evaluate measures taken to reduce the environmental impacts of manufactured products in sustainability reports. In order to secure a competitive position, it is necessary to reduce the costs and environmental impacts caused by precision tools. A focus on the manufacturing phase is not sufficient, since a large part of the costs and environmental impacts caused by a product are incurred during its use phase. It is therefore necessary to assess the entire life cycle of the products to be manufactured when assessing the manufacturing processes used in tool manufacturing. At present, it is not possible to determine the life cycle assessments of the manufacturing processes to be used on the basis of available knowledge when planning process sequences. For the ecological-economic evaluation of process sequences, a subjective weighting of the costs and environmental impacts of the process sequences has so far been necessary. There is no evaluation model that makes it possible to evaluate the costs and environmental impacts of products and process sequences on the basis of a common unit. Furthermore, there is no systematic procedure for the design of process sequences in the sense of ecologically and economically optimized manufacturing.The objective of the proposed research project is therefore to investigate the connections between required changes in precision tools and their ecologically and economically optimized implementation by adapting the existing process sequence. For this purpose, a methodology will be developed which makes it possible to design process sequences according to economic and ecological criteria, taking into account the influences of the manufacturing phase on the use phase of the manufactured precision tools. The methodology enables technology planners to reduce the environmental impacts of the tools by adapting process sequences for the production of redesigned precision tools without endangering economic efficiency. A new ecological-economic evaluation model to be developed makes it possible to evaluate process sequences with regard to their costs and environmental impacts. For the first time, the methodology allows the derivation of generally applicable design rules for ecologically and economically optimized process sequences.

精密工具制造商面临着全球范围内关键原材料的短缺以及来自东亚公司日益激烈的竞争。这些因素意味着，占全球精密工具制造量 15% 的德国工具制造商的成本压力正在增加。此外，欧盟还要求公司在可持续发展报告中记录和评估为减少制成品对环境影响而采取的措施。为了确保竞争地位，有必要减少精密工具造成的成本和环境影响。仅仅关注制造阶段是不够的，因为产品造成的大部分成本和环境影响是在其使用阶段产生的。因此，在评估工具制造中使用的制造工艺时，有必要评估要制造的产品的整个生命周期。目前，在规划工艺顺序时，不可能根据现有知识确定要使用的制造工艺的生命周期评估。对于过程序列的生态经济评估，迄今为止有必要对过程序列的成本和环境影响进行主观加权。没有一种评估模型可以在通用单位的基础上评估产品和工艺流程的成本和环境影响。此外，在生态和经济优化制造的意义上，没有系统的工艺序列设计程序。因此，拟议研究项目的目标是通过调整现有的工艺序列，研究精密工具所需的变化与其生态和经济优化实施之间的联系。为此，将开发一种方法，使根据经济和生态标准设计工艺顺序成为可能，同时考虑制造阶段对制造的精密工具的使用阶段的影响。该方法使技术规划者能够通过调整生产重新设计的精密工具的工艺顺序来减少工具对环境的影响，而不会危及经济效益。待开发的新生态经济评估模型可以评估工艺流程的成本和环境影响。该方法首次允许为生态和经济优化的工艺序列推导普遍适用的设计规则。