Fundamental Study of Population Genetics of Magngrove Tree Species in Ryukyu Islands.

“红树林”一词通常指生长在热带和亚热带的潮间带和河口的组成植物。因此，“红树林”包括一百多种植物。红树林，即红树林植物种类，广泛分布在热带和亚热带的潮间带和河口。琉球群岛上分布着七种主要的红树林，因为这些岛屿的位置接近其分布的北部界限。关于红树林的研究多集中在生态学、植物分类学、造林学等领域，而在遗传方面的研究较少。本研究试图对分布在琉球群岛的一些红树树种进行群体遗传学研究，并探讨其应用的可能性。为了分析红树林的遗传多样性，采用了不连续电泳、垂直板凝胶电泳的方法，并对其进行了改进，使其更适合于红树林的遗传多样性分析。对16种酶进行了试染，得到了16种酶的11个酶谱图，其中对木褐菌和灯花获得了16种酶谱图，对茎柱根霉获得了10种酶谱图。检测到两个磷酸糖脲酶基因座，并对这两个基因座的5个等位基因进行了怀疑。对冲绳岛、石垣岛和伊罗莫特岛4个居群的裸木芽孢杆菌遗传成分进行了比较。它们的成分不同，但差异与它们之间的地形距离有关。利用分布在伊里奥莫特岛雅石河沿岸的229个白杨的过氧化物酶表型，对白杨的胎生种子进行了亲缘关系分析，明确了白杨胎生种子的分散动态。由于本研究是日本首次对琉球群岛红树林的遗传多样性和种群遗传学进行研究，因此需要对更多的酶种、个体和地点进行更详细的研究。少

The word "mangrove" usually points out constituent plants growing in the intertidal zones and the estuaries in tropics and sub-tropics. Therefore, "mangrove" includes more than one hundred plant species. Mangroves, that means mangrove plant species, are widely distributed in intertidal zones and estuaries in tropics and sub-tropics. Only seven major components of mangroves are distributed in Ryukyu islands, because the location of the islands is near the northern limit of their distributions.The most of studies concerning with mangroves have been done in the fields of ecology, plant taxonomy, silviculture and so on, but few in the genetical studies. An attempt of this study was made to get and to examine the possibility of application of population genetics of some mangrove tree species distributing in Ryukyu islands. For the analysis of genetic diversities of mangroves, the methods of electrophoresis with discontinuous, vertical slab gel were applied, then those were modified successf … More ully to apply to mangroves. 16 enzyme species were tries to stain, but 11 zymogrames of 16 enzyme species were gotten for Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Kandelia candel, and 10 of those were gotten for Rhizophora stylosa. Two phosphoglucomutase loci of B. gymnorrhiza were detected, and five alleles of those two loci were suspected. Genetic components of B. gymnorrhiza were compared among four populations, one in Okinawa islands, one in Ishigaki island and two in Iriomote island. The components of those were different, but the differentiations correlated with topographic distances among them. Kin-ship analysis of K. candel were carried out for using peroxidase phenotypes of 229 individuals distributing along Yashi river in Iriomote island, then dispersion dynamics of those viviparous seeds were clearly explained. More detailed studies should be carrried out with analysis of many more enzyme species, individuals and sites of mangroves in Ryukyu islands, because this study is the first one of the genetic diversities and population genetics in Japan. Less