Comparative Study on the Townscape from the Sociological Veiwpoints

这份研究报告的主要目的是通过对日本和西方城市的比较，分析建筑环境应该如何形成。为了达到这一研究目的，特别注重在日常生活的基础上，明确城市景观形成过程中的理念、政策、制度框架和公民参与的理论。本研究项目由三个要素组成。一是对拥有积极城市景观形成政策的地方规划部门进行深入的案例研究。二是对公民的城市景观意识进行调查。最后是对西方先进地方平原当局的城市景观政策进行案例研究。在今年的研究方案中，强调了第一和第三个研究要素，因为在居民中进行密集的问卷调查可能会使研究目的模糊和分散。结论如下。：1)应该讨论Tawnscape和Ana…2)城市结构是由两组人之间关于如何利用城市空间的基本冲突构成的：一是承认城市空间是为了追求经济上的合理性和效率，二是为了通过享受日常生活来实现社会公平正义。3)城市政策的内容、公共干预的程度、地方政府的角色、公民参与的范围。。。这一切都是由上述冲突中的价值判断决定的。4)经济理性群体将推动公共政策和投资以实现资本最有利可图的经济金融环境作为重中之重。5)社会公平群体中强调鼓励各领域的地方就业市场，并对社区的未来负责。6)主要首府的IMC和民众的日常生活能力都在城镇景观形成过程中寻求地方经济的振兴。但他们如何振兴当地经济的形象和方法似乎完全不同。这种差异对城市景观的质量产生了很大的影响。7)每个城市的城市景观质量取决于城市内部的社会政治关系。较少

Main purpose of this research report is to analyze how the built environment should be form& by comparison of Japanese cities with Western ones. Tb attain this research purpose, special attention is Paid to make it clear to theerize the ideals, policies, institutional framework and citizen participation in the townscape formation process, based upon the I%ic of Daily Life.This research Project is composed of three elements.First is to do the intensive case studies on local planning authorities which have the imovative townscape formation policies.Second is to do the survey of citizen's consciousness toward townscape.Final is to do the case studies of townscape policies of the advanced western local plaining authorities.In the research programme of this year, first and third research elements were stressed, because to do the intensive questionnaire among the dwellers might make the research purpose be vague and scatterd.Conclusions are following. :1)Tawnscape should be discussed and ana … More lyzed by focusing on basic urban structure with comprehensiveness to escape mere technical discussion of townscape.2)Urban structure is composed of basic conflict how to use the urban space among two groups : one recognizes the urban space as to seek for the economic rationality and efficiencies, other is to realize the societal fairness and justice through enjoying daily life.3)Contents of urban policies, degree of public intevention, role of the local-plaining authorities, range of citizen participation allowed. . . all these have been decided by the value judgement among these conflict mentioned above.4)The top priority is given in the economic rationality group to promote the public policies and investment to realize the most profitable econo-financial enviroment for the capital.5)Among the societal fairness group, it is stressed to encourage the local employment market of various field, and to have responsibilities toward the future of the comunities.6)Both Imc of Major Capitals and Ingic of Ordinary Life among the peple are seeking for the revitalization of local economy in the process of townscape formation. But their image and method how to revitalize the local economy seem to be different completely. This difference gave the strong influence to the quality of the townscape.7)Quality of townscape in each cities depends upon the socio-political relations in the cammity. Less