Study of New Phases in High Density Strange Matter

在这个项目中，我们从不同的角度研究了具有较大陌生度的新阶段，我们得到的主要结果如下：1。奇异夸克物质（简称SQM）的饱和性质：为了阐明e.w witten关于SQM可能是真强子基态的猜想的真实性，利用两个qcd激发的有效模型（组成夸克模型和袋模型）进行了研究。将有限系统和无限系统统一处理的结果表明，在s闭壳层（A bbb6）以外，重子E/A的能量增加。这意味着，只要在这种有效理论中建立的基本参数不随着a的增加而发生实质性变化，就不可能存在绝对稳定的SQM。用手性对称方法研究了这一相的实现机理。我们已经证明了随着K^-缩合的增长质子混合量显著增加，对称能有合理的密度依赖可能发生直接URCA过程，并由此导致中子星的快速冷却。具有和不具有奇异性的强子凝聚相对超新星物质和中子星物质的影响：研究了中子星诞生后超新星物质中凝聚相的性质及其热动力学演化。我们已经明确了介子凝聚物和对称能与中子星从诞生到充分冷却阶段的整个过程密切相关。奇异系统中的核力：在考虑了风味SU(3)对称的破断的夸克-簇模型中，重子结构和超子-核子相互作用的研究取得了进展。这为研究h粒子间的相互作用提供了一个基础，而这是研究h物质（部分约束奇异物质）所不可缺少的。

In this project, new phases with large strangeness have been studied from various viewpoints, and we have obtained the main results as descibed below.1. Saturation property of strange quark matter (abbreviated to SQM) : In order to clarify the reality of E.Witten's conjecture on the possibility that SQM is the true hadronic ground state, studies with use of two QCD-motivated effective models (constituent quark model and bag model) have been done. The results by treating both finite and infinite systems unifiedly have shown the increase of energy per baryon E/A beyond the s-closed shell(A>6). This means that the existence of absolutely stable SQM is unlikely as far as the fundamental parameters built in such effective theories do not change substantially with incease of A.2. Kaon condensation : Realization mechanism of this phase has been studied in chiral symmetry approach. We have shown the remarkable increase of proton mixing with growth of K^- condensation and the possible occurrence of the direct URCA process for the symmetry energy with reasonable density dependence, and the resulting rapid cooling of neutron stars due to this process.3. Effects of hadoronic condensed phases with and without strangeness to supernovae matter and neutron star matter : Properties of condensed phases in supernovae matter just after birth of neutron stars and thermal and dynamical evolution have been studied. We have made clear that meson condensates and symmetry energy are strongly relevant to the whole processes from the birth to the well-cooled stage of neutron stars.4. Nuclear force in the systems with strangeness : Study of baryon structure and hyperon-nucleon interaction has progressed in the quark-cluster model by taking account of the breaking of the flavor SU(3) symmetry. This provides a base to study the interaction between H-particles which is indispensable for study of H-matter(strange matter with partial deconfinement).