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Effect of Garlic, Allium sativum L., on the Platelet Aggregation.

大蒜、Allium sativum L. 对血小板聚集的影响。

基本信息

批准号：
03806015
负责人：
ARIGA Toyohiko
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
NIHON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Taking garlic as a food, the platelet aggregation is suppressed to some extent, although blood coagulation and fibrinolysis are unaltered. We found that an active princilpe in garlic is methyl allyl trisulfide (MATS), which is contained about 10 % in the essential oil of garlic. The antiplatelet activity of MATS could be demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo, however, its platelet inhibition mechanisms are not clarified yet.In this project, we have studied to specify the target of MATS within platelets, and obtained the following results ;1. MATS was absorbed by digestive tracts of rats, and appeared in blood circulation, followed by excretion into urine. The half life of MATS in circulation estimated to be about 90 min. The organ distribution of MATS was observed mainly in the liver and kidney. In the circulatory blood, MATS was localized in blood cells including platelet, but not in plasma.2. The ingibitory activity of MATS to platelets was demonstrated to be a suppression of prostaglandin formation from its substrate arachidonic acid (AA). Among the enzymes relating to the AA metabolisms, both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase were inhibited by MATS at the concentration of 10^<-5>M and 10^<-4>M, respectively. However, it is still obscure how MATS interacts with these enzymes. It is thought that as one of the possible mechanisms oxidating reactions by these enzymes would be interfered by the sulfur atom liberating from MATS, if any.3. In addition to these works, we performed to classigy some Allium plants including odorless garlics. Some odorless one should be categorized into onion.

大蒜对血小板聚集有一定的抑制作用，但对凝血和纤溶无明显影响。我们发现大蒜中的一个活性成分是甲基烯丙基三硫化物（MATS），它在大蒜精油中的含量约为10%。MATS的抗血小板活性在体内外均得到证实，但其抑制血小板的机制尚未阐明，本课题主要研究了MATS在血小板内的作用靶点，并取得了以下结果：1. MATS经大鼠消化道吸收，进入血液循环，随尿液排出。MATS在循环中的半衰期估计约为90 min。观察到MATS的器官分布主要在肝脏和肾脏中。在循环血液中，MATS定位于血细胞，包括血小板，而不在血浆中. MATS对血小板的抑制作用是抑制其底物花生四烯酸（AA）生成前列腺素。在与AA代谢相关的酶中，环氧化酶和脂氧合酶分别在10 μ M和10 μ M的浓度下被MATS抑制<-5><-4>。然而，MATS如何与这些酶相互作用仍然不清楚。据认为，作为可能的机制之一，这些酶的氧化反应将受到干扰的硫原子释放从MATS，如果有的话。除此之外，我们还对一些葱属植物进行了分类，包括无臭大蒜。一些无味的应归类为洋葱。