Cultivar classification of tree-and herbaceous peony and creation of interspecific hybrids.

1. 为获得牡丹选育的基本资料，进行了主因子分析和聚类分析。结果表明，主要因子与花茎和叶长密切相关。聚类分析表明，混合cv。火炮在cv之间。花大津和Kamadafuji属于同一个星系团。种间黄色品种与其他品种差异明显。中国品种Meijonohomare也区别于日本品种。2. 对12月上下旬的强迫开花进行了研究。4年生大根植株的产量高于2年生小根植株。采用低温处理的冬花品种，可在12月下旬开花。3. 牡丹的花色素分别为芍药苷-3-葡萄糖苷、芍药苷-3,5-葡萄糖苷、花青素-3-葡萄糖苷、花青素-3,5-葡萄糖苷、芍药苷-3-葡萄糖苷和芍药苷-3,5-葡萄糖苷。颜色深的花有很多种色素。从黄酮类和类黄酮的分布规律的不同可以为芍药分类提供依据。4. 日本品种的发芽时间在5月1日至5日之间，而中国品种的发芽时间在4月5日下旬。日本和中国品种花粉萌发的最适温度为15‰。树与芍药杂交未获得种子。

1. In order to obtain basic data on breding of tree peony, principal factor and cluster analysis were conducted. In result, main factor was closely related with flower stalk and leaf length. Cluster analysis showed that a hybrid cv. Gunpouden between cv. Hanadaijin and Kamadafuji belonged to the same cluster. Interspecific yellow cultivars differed clearly from the other cultivars. Chinese cultivar, Meijonohomare also distinguished from Japanes cultivars. 2. Forced flowering of eary late December was studied. Yield in 4-year-old plants with large roots was higher than that in 2-year-old plants with small roots. Floweing in late December was possible, using winter-blooming cutivar treated with low temperature. 3. Flower pigments in tree and herbaceous peony were peonidin-3-glusoside, peonidin3,5-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside and pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside.Flowers with deep color has many kinds of pigments. Clutiver classification of herbaceous peony was possible from difference of patterns in flavone and flavonoid. 4. Sprouting of Japanse cultivars were between May 1 and 5, while that of Chinese cultivars were late April. 5. Optimum temperature of pollen geramination in Japanese and Chinese cultivars 15ﾟC.6. Seeds were not obtained from cross between tree and hearbaceous peony.