Differentiation of neural crest cells in the gut

1.通过鹌鹑-鸡嵌合体的实验表明，肠神经节细胞起源于神经嵴的迷走神经（有时为1-7）水平。在3天大的小鸡胚胎中，鹌鹑嵴细胞首先出现在前脑室和砂囊中。尾侧迁移后，肠内神经母细胞在培养7天后出现在直肠内。后来，它们分布在假定的Auerbach和Meissner神经丛中。用染色法检测鸡胚肠段对HNK-1、NF、S-100、平滑肌肌动蛋白和波形蛋白的免疫反应性。培养第14天，在奥尔巴赫神经丛和迈斯纳神经丛中观察到胶质细胞。在17天大的小鸡胚胎中，肠神经系统已接近完成。神经管节段性移植物显示迷走区3 ~ 5节段水平的神经嵴细胞是形成全肠ENS的主要来源。用ZIO染色和电镜观察了鸡小肠深肌丛和肌肠丛的间质细胞。三种类型的细胞，即平滑肌样细胞，与平滑肌细胞相交叉的成纤维细胞样细胞，与平滑肌细胞和神经纤维相连的成纤维细胞样细胞。利用鹌鹑-鸡嵌合体系统进一步验证间质细胞的起源和发育。

1.It has been shown that enteric ganglion cells arise from the vagal (somites 1-7) levels of the neural crest by the use of quail-chick chimaeras. In the 3-day-old chick embryo, quail crest cells can be first found in the proventricule and the gizzard. After caudally migration, the enteric neuroblasts appeared in the rectum at 7 day of incubation. Later, they were distributed in the presumptive Auerbach and Meissner plexus.2.Segments of chick embryonic gut were stained for immunoreactivity to HNK-1, NF,S-100, smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Glial cells were observed in the Auerbach and Meissner plexuses at 14 day of incubation. In the 17-day-old chick embryo, the enteric nervous system was nearing completion.3.The segmental graft of the neural tube show that the neural crest cells at the level of somites 3-5 in the vagal region were the main source to form the ENS of the entire gut.4.Interstitial cells associated with the deep muscular plexus and the myenteric plexus of the chick small intestine were studies by staining with ZIO and electron microscopy. Three types of cells, Namely smooth muscle-like cells, interdigitated fibroblast-like cells with smooth muscle cells, fibroblast-like cells, connected with smooth muscle cells and nerve fibers. Further studies, using quail-chick chimaeras system are in progress to verify the origin and the development of the interstitial cells.