Chemical analysis and risk assessment of inddor air pollutants

室内空气污染物的化学分析和风险评估

• 批准号: 04670321
• 负责人: KODAMA Yasushi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: University of Occupational and Environmental Health
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04670321/
• 关键词: Indoor pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; heater; Personal exposure; formaldehyde; risk assessment; Exposure assessment; リスクアセスメンド; タバコ副流煙; 暖房機器; 多環芳香族炭化水素; 窒素酸化物; オゾン

Indoor pollution by chemical substances from kerosene heaters, building materials and cigarette smoke was investigated in an experimental model room, and a detached house. NO and NO_2 concentrations were measured every 30 seconds, and remarkably high concentrations of NO_2 and CO_2 were observed. The main source of the pollution was attributed to the use of kerosene heaters and gas heaters, which are commonly used for room heating in Japan. Especially, NO_2 concentration increased to the level of five or ten times higher than that of the upper limit of the environmental air quality standard in Japan (60ppb) under poor ventilating condition. HCHO concentration in rooms of a newly built house was between 400 and 1200 ppb, and it was still more than 100 ppb after one year of occupation. The personal exposure to the environmental NO_2, was investigated using a personal monitoring badge developed by Yanagisawa . A seasonal variation of exposure level was observed. There were no remarkable differences in NO_2 exposure between smokers and non-smokers. NO_2 exposure of kerosene heater users, which exceeded 60 ppb, was the highest. A clear relationship between personal exposure level to NO_2 and heating period was observed. NO_2 exposure level according to different occupations was also examined, and the exposure level of taxi drivers was found to be the highest.

在实验模型室和一个独立的房屋中，研究了煤油加热器，建筑材料和香烟烟雾的化学物质污染的室内污染。每30秒测量NO和NO_2浓度，观察到NO_2和CO_2的浓度非常高。污染的主要来源归因于使用煤油加热器和燃气加热器，这些加热器和燃气加热器通常用于日本的房间加热。特别是，在通风条件下，日本环境空气质量标准（60ppb）的NO_2浓度比环境空气质量标准的上限高五到十倍。 HCHO在新建房屋的房间中的集中度在400至1200 ppb之间，在职业一年后，它仍然超过100 ppb。使用Yanagisawa开发的个人监控徽章对环境NO_2进行个人接触。观察到暴露水平的季节性变化。吸烟者和非吸烟者之间的NO_2暴露没有显着差异。 NO_2煤油加热器用户的暴露超过60 ppb，是最高的。观察到个人暴露水平与NO_2与加热期之间的明显关系。还检查了NO_2根据不同职业的暴露水平，发现出租车司机的暴露水平最高。

项目成果

Masahiro Yoshikawa: "Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxyylase activity in human lung tissue:In relation to cigarette smoke and lung cancer" Environmental Research. 65. 1-11 (1994)

Masahiro Yoshikawa：“人体肺组织中的芳基烃羟化酶活性：与香烟烟雾和肺癌的关系”环境研究。

Masahiro Yoshikawa: "Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in human lung tissue:In relation to cigarette smoke and lung cancer" Environmental Research. 65. 1-11 (1994)

Masahiro Yoshikawa：“人体肺组织中的芳基烃羟化酶活性：与香烟烟雾和肺癌的关系”环境研究。

児玉 泰: "「バッジ」を使った暖房による空気汚染の測定調査" 健. 22. 54-57 (1994)

Yasushi Kodama：“使用‘徽章’对供暖造成的空气污染进行测量” Ken 22. 54-57 (1994)

児玉泰: "大気環境と人間" 教育と医学. 40. 27-33 (1993)

Yasushi Kodama：“大气环境与人类”教育与医学。 40. 27-33 (1993)

児玉泰: "“バッヂ"を使った暖房による空気汚染の測定調査" 健. 22. 54-57 (1994)

Yasushi Kodama：“使用‘徽章’测量供暖引起的空气污染” Ken. 22. 54-57 (1994)