A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON METHODOLOGY OF MUSIC EDUCATION AND MUSIC THERAPY FOR DEMENTED SENILE

音乐作为一种治疗手段的价值在于它能够提供比几乎所有医疗方法所提供的帮助更多的帮助。然而，音乐疗法的用处还没有被明确地讨论过。本研究在医生特别是心理专家的帮助下，对老年痴呆患者进行了音乐治疗，以期对音乐治疗的效果进行测量，并对传统的音乐教育方法进行反思。结果如下：a)音乐在老年护理中的治疗及其存在的问题和可能性：医疗中心或其他机构的大多数音乐活动都是利用老歌来激活患者的记忆，但我们发现了许多因滥用音乐而产生不良影响的例子。b)音乐治疗效果的衡量和评价标准：由于日本没有授权的系统来指导和评价音乐治疗师，许多学者和研究团体关于音乐治疗…更多的APY为建立这一制度做出努力。然而，由于没有统一的评价标准，我们发现了一些仅基于文献的治疗实践的例子，效果不佳。为了避免实践音乐治疗只是为了评价，我们承认有必要对音乐治疗实践进行评估和记录。c)在教育学院的音乐课程中引入关于音乐治疗的讲座：对非音乐专业的学生和医院和机构的工作人员对音乐和音乐制作的意见的询问结果揭示了为了让音乐治疗被公众接受而需要解决的一些问题。主要关注义务教育阶段的音乐教育对日本社会“音乐”观念的影响和观念的形成。d)音乐教育的前景展望：从老年医疗和终身学习的角度思考，找到了重新审视义务教育阶段音乐教育的路径。我们认为应该从根本上重构音乐教育的方法论，重新审视容易形成(或灌输)狭隘的音乐观和音乐观的常规课程。较少

The value of music as a means of therapy dwells in its ability to offer other assistance than those which almost all methods of medical care do. The usefulness of music therapy, however, is not discussed explicitly as yet. In this study, with the assistance of doctors, especially mental specialists, we practiced music therapy for demented senile for the purpose of measuring the effectiveness of music therapy as well as reconsidering traditional methodology of music education. The results obtaind are as follows ;a) the treatment of music in senile care and its problem and possibility : most music activities in medical centers or other institutions utilize old songs in order to activate the patients' memory, but we found many examples of bad effects caused by misuse of music.b) the measurement of effect and standard for evaluation of music therapy : as there is no authorized system to instruct and evaluate music therapists in Japan, many scholars and research groups concerning music ther … More apy make an effort to establish the system. For there is no unified criteria for evaluation, however, we found some examples of muisic therapy practice based only on literatures which have bad effects. In order to avoid practicing music therapy just for evaluation, we admit the necessity of assessment and documentatoin of music therapy practice.c) the introduction of lectures concerning music therapy into music course of the faculty of education : result of enquiry about opinions of students majoring other than music and staff at hospitals and institutions on music and music making reveals some problems to be solved in order to get music therapy accepted publicly. Most of them concern with the influence of music education at compulsory level on cencept of "music" and formation of the concept among Japanese society.d) the way of music education in prospect : considering from the viewpoint of senile medical care and life-long learning, we found a path to reexamine the music education at compulsory school. We think the methodology of music education should be reconstructed radically, with reviewing the routine curriculum which tends to form (or infuse) a narrow view on music and concept of music. Less