A Study of John Donne in Relation to King James and the Jesuits

在这项研究中，我首先明确了罗伯特·珀森、威廉·巴洛和约翰·多恩对詹姆斯国王宣誓效忠的态度。接下来，我讨论了耶稣会士杀害国王的理论与马里亚纳的关系。在前一个研究中，我讨论了多恩在他的《伪殉道者》中是如何与捍卫誓言的巴洛争论的。巴洛在辩护中失败的原因之一是他只遵循了珀森的论证方式。由于他遵循了珀森斯的方法——调查《誓词》的内容，批评两份摘要和反贝拉明——他给我们的印象是，他只是遵循了珀森斯。但多恩，谁知道巴洛的缺点，以自己的方式讨论。他考察了国王的神权、教皇的世俗权力和作为公民服从的誓言，这些都是巴洛没有讨论或讨论得不够充分的。我的研究清楚地表明，多恩的《伪殉道者》超越了巴洛的书，因为他的逻辑，以及对过去材料的细致调查。詹姆斯强烈反对的是天主教的弑君行为。据说是玛丽安娜提出了这个理论，她讨论的是一个暴君，而不是一个国王。马里亚纳被公众误解了，马里亚纳=弑君者是他身上的一个标签。在后一项研究中，我讨论了多恩如何跟上詹姆斯的步伐，他了解耶稣会士对国王的看法与詹姆斯的看法之间的差异。这表明，耶稣会的权力由人民移交给国王的理论与詹姆斯的君权神权理论有很大的不同，双方之间从来没有找到任何妥协的形式。

In this research I first made clear the attitudes of Robert Persons, William Barlow, and John Donne to King James' Oath of Allegiance. Next, I discussed the king-killing theory of the jesuits in relation to Mariana. In the former research I discussed how Donne in his Pseudo-Martyr disputed Barlow who defended the Oath. One of the reasons why Barlow failed in his defense was because he only fllowed Persons' way of argument. As he followed Persons' method -- investigation of the contents of the Oath, criticism of the two briefs and anti-Bellarmine -- he gives us the impression that he merely followed Persons. But Donne, who knew Barlow's defects well, discussed in his own way. He examined the divine right of kings, the Pope's temporal power, and the Oath as civil obedience which Barlow did not discuss or discussed insuffeciently. And my research makes it clear that Donne's Pseudo-Martyr surpassed Barlow's book by his logic, and minute investigation of past material.It was the catholics' regicide that James opposed strongly. Mariana, who was said to devise this theory, discussed a tyrant, not a king De Rege. Mariana was misinterpreted by the public, and Mariana=regicide was a label which become attached to him. In the latter research I dealt how Donne, who understood the differences between the jesuits view of a king and james', kept pace with james. It was shown how the Jesuits' theory of the transferring of power to a king by the people was quite different from James' divine right of kings, and no form of compromise was ever found between the two sides.