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Virginia Company and its Sermons during the Period of King James I

詹姆斯一世国王时期的弗吉尼亚公司及其布道

基本信息

批准号：
11610489
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Shohei
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11610489/
关键词：
Virginia Company Sermon Typology ヴァージニア会社・植民宗教利益

项目摘要

The research concerns Virginia Company and the sermons which supported the colonization of Virginia. So far I made clear how Virginia Company and its colonization were "commercial" and had nothing to do with religion. The origin of this research was John Donne's sermon in which Donne defended the colonization by applying one passage from Acts in the New Testament to the colonization. Donne regarded adventurers to Virginia as apostles whose aim was to spread gospel to the inhabitants in Virginia who didn't know Christianity. Throughout the research it has become clear that this method of application originated from one interpretation of Scripture, typology. The basic meaning of typology is that everything in the Old Testament is a "type" of what is written in the New Testament as "antitype". This means that the Old Testament prefigures the New Testament. This interpretation was secularized, and politicized in the seventeenth century. Donne and the preachers before him applied this typology to the colonization of Virginia and used typology for the justification of the colonization. All of the preachers cited one passage of the Testaments and made the colonization a religious mission. By this method the colonization was a sacred activity and those involved in this colonization became sacred people equal to people in the Testaments. The original aim of the colonization of Virginia was "profits" expected from Virginia. But the preachers and official declarations insisted that the colonization was not commercial but had a religious significance. By using the Testaments the preachers made the colonization of Virginia an "antitype" of the Old Testament or the New Testament.

该研究涉及弗吉尼亚公司和支持弗吉尼亚殖民化的布道。到目前为止，我已经阐明了弗吉尼亚公司及其殖民化是“商业性的”，与宗教无关。这项研究的起源是约翰·多恩的布道，其中多恩将《新约》使徒行传中的一段话应用到殖民化上来为殖民化辩护。多恩将前往弗吉尼亚的冒险者视为使徒，其目的是向弗吉尼亚不了解基督教的居民传播福音。通过整个研究，我们可以清楚地看出，这种应用方法源于对圣经的一种解释，即预表学。预表学的基本含义是，旧约中的一切都是新约中所写的“预表”的“预表”。这意味着旧约预表新约。这种解释在十七世纪被世俗化和政治化。多恩和他之前的传教士将这种类型学应用于弗吉尼亚的殖民化，并使用类型学来证明殖民化的合理性。所有的传教士都引用了《圣经》中的一段话，并将殖民化视为一项宗教使命。通过这种方法，殖民化是一项神圣的活动，而那些参与殖民化的人则成为与《新约》中的人平等的神圣人。弗吉尼亚殖民的最初目的是期望从弗吉尼亚获得“利润”。但传教士和官方声明坚称殖民不是商业性的，而是具有宗教意义。通过使用《圣经》，传教士使弗吉尼亚的殖民化成为《旧约》或《新约》的“原型”。