Development of Biomachining Process Utilizing Microbiogenic Functions

本研究的目的是寻找利用微生物功能开发非传统生物加工的种子。首先，通过对各种金属的腐蚀试验，研究了海水中微生物腐蚀的一般特征，并在此基础上尝试了几种生物处理方法。实验结果如下：1。(1)通过SEM观察和EPMA分析，明确了微生物对无氧高纯铜片腐蚀的影响。(2)提出了一种利用厌氧细菌的作用，通过人工制造厌氧环境，在样品表面产生凹形细节的方法，称为生物修复（biomaching， MBM），并证明了该方法的有效性。(3)找到了MBM加工的最佳温度，并设计了提高加工速率的方法。(4)开发了在预先生物处理过的基底上沉积生长金属晶体的MBD工艺，并通过制备铜晶体验证了该工艺的有效性。低碳钢薄板的微生物腐蚀及其在生物机械加工中的应用(1)MBM工艺成功地在试样表面产生凹形细节。(2)明确了影响MBM加工速率的因素，提出了提高MBM加工速率的条件。钼片的微生物腐蚀从钼片的微生物腐蚀试验中发现，硅藻（Achnanthes）优先腐蚀这种材料。

The purpose of the present research is to find seeds of developing a nontraditional bioprocessing utilizing microbiogenic functions. As the first step for the purpose, general characteristics of microbial corrosion in the seawater were examined by employing the corrosion test for various metals, and based on the results a few bioprocessings were attempted. Results obtained are as follows :1.Microbial Corrosion of Copper Sheets and Its Application to Bioprocessing(1)Microbiological effescts on the corrosion of oxygen-free high-purity copper sheets were clarified by the SEM observation adn the EPMA analysis.(2)A mehod to produce concave details on a pecimen surface with the action of anaerobic bacterium, referred to as biomaching (MBM), was proposed by making artificially the anaerobic environment, and was shown to be valid.(3)The optimum temperature for MBM was found, and methods for improving the machining rate were devised.(4)The MBD process to make a metal crystal deposit and grow on the substrate, which was bioprocessed in advance, was developed, and its validity was confirmed by making copper crystals.2.Microbial Corrosion of Mild Steel Sheets and Its Application to Biomachining(1)The MBM process was successful in producing concave details on a pecimen surface.(2)The influencing factors on the MBM machining rate were clarified, and the condition for improving the machining rate were presented.3.Microbial Corrosion of Molybdenum SheetsFrom the microbial corrosion test of molybdenum sheets, it was found that diatoms (Achnanthes) corroded preferentially this material.