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STUDY ON ECONOMIC RELATION AMONG REPUBLICS (AUTONOMOUS PROVINCES) AND REGIONAL ECONOMIES IN YUGOSLAVIA

南斯拉夫各共和国（自治省）和区域经济之间的经济关系研究

基本信息

批准号：
05832003
负责人：
KOYAMA Yoji
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
NIIGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05832003/
关键词：
Yugoslavia Federation Republic Autonomous Province FAD Territorial Closing of Economies Regime of the 1974 Constitution Collapse of Socialism 援助直接投資旧ユーゴスラヴィア統一的ユーゴ市場 1977年の外資取扱

项目摘要

Firstly, financial aids through the Fund for Accelerating Development of Less-Developed Regions (FAD), which was established at the Federation level to reduce economic difference between the North and the South, have proved to be inefficient and ineffective.Secondly, direct investments to the less developed regions by the developed regions did not increase so much because the regime of the 1974 Constitution has prevented free transfer of capitals.Thirdly, although the necessity of the unified Yugoslav market was always stressed, in fact the tendency of territorial closing of economies was proceeding in the 1970s. In the case of the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, for example, the ration of commodities supplied from outside the Republic decreased from 36.9% in 1970 to 27.1% in 1978. This means that in contrast to the historical trend inter-Republican (Provincial) thresholds became higher in Yugoslavia. This tendency became evident especially after the regime of the 1974 Constitution gav … More e big powers to Republics and Autonomous Provinces. The tendencies of territorial closeing and autarchy had been further promoted by the law on foreign currency dealing and external credits of 1977. In fact, in the overall foreign currency deficit each Republic and Autonomous Province behaved so as to increase foreign currency revenue in its territory as much as possible at the sacrifice of other Republics and Autonomous Provnces in order to make the accounts balance. Consequently as the same autarchic movement was going on within the framework of each Republic and Province or commune, these territorial units became directly connected with the world economy. From economic point of view, the tendency of disintegration of the Yugoslav Federation had begun already in the early 1970s.The collapse of socialism in Yugoslavia, more cocretly, the collapse of the regime of the 1974 Constitution caused serious national conflicts. Nevertheless, countries which had consisted of the former Yugoslavia need a loose connection in some form because even the most developed region of the former Yugoslavia lacks competitiveness in world markets. Less

第一，通过在联邦一级为减少北方和南方之间的经济差距而设立的加速较不发达地区发展基金（发展基金）提供的财政援助证明是低效和无效的。第二，发达地区对较不发达地区的直接投资没有增加那么多，因为1974年《宪法》的制度阻碍了资本的自由转移。第三，虽然南斯拉夫统一市场的必要性一直被强调，但事实上，在1970年代领土封闭经济的趋势正在发展。以波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那共和国为例，从共和国以外供应的商品比例从1970年的36.9%下降到1978年的27.1%。这意味着，与历史趋势相反，南斯拉夫共和国（省）间的门槛变得更高了。这种趋势在1974年宪法赋予共和国和自治省更大的权力之后变得尤为明显。1977年关于外汇交易和对外信贷的法律进一步促进了领土封闭和专制的倾向。事实上，在总的外汇赤字中，每个共和国和自治省的做法是尽可能增加其领土内的外汇收入，牺牲其他共和国和自治省的利益，以使帐目平衡。因此，当同样的专制运动在每个共和国、省或公社的框架内进行时，这些领土单位与世界经济直接联系在一起。从经济角度看，南斯拉夫联邦的解体趋势早在1970年代初就开始了。南斯拉夫社会主义的崩溃，更确切地说，1974年宪法政权的崩溃造成了严重的民族冲突。然而，由前南斯拉夫组成的国家需要某种形式的松散联系，因为即使是前南斯拉夫最发达的区域在世界市场上也缺乏竞争力。少