Natural Scientific Research for Raw Materials and Technologies of Japanese Ancient Iron Swords

(1)考古研究：对日本古代铁剑之一瓦拉比托进行了考古研究。岩手县宫城县出土的Warabitetos的发掘时间和地点、生产时期、形状和颜色、保存处理等。以福岛县和北海道为研究对象。自然科学研究方法：对未被研究过的自然科学研究方法进行了研究，建立了用于分析的自然科学研究方法。对化学分析方法和辉光放电质谱法进行了元素分析。用扫描电子显微镜和X射线显微分析仪进行观察，用铅同位素质谱法进行生产现场估计。关于铅同位素方法的最后一篇论文是在1994年在中国举行的Buma(金属和合金的使用开始)-3会议上由这位研究人员Saito，Tsutomu博士阅读的。(3)WARABITETO的复制实验：自然科学实验于1994年在岩手县代藤镇大原市进行，由剑匠Taira Sugawa帮助进行。本镇附近特产的磁铁矿Moitetsu被用作原料。用木炭在约1300ﾟC下还原Moitetsu 3小时。还原的铁被重新加热、锤击和抛光，以复制Warabiteto。从分析和实验结果看，Moitetsu有可能成为瓦拉比特的原料，因为它非常纯，很容易在低温下还原为铁。

(1) Archeological Research :Warabiteto, one of the Japanese ancient iron swords, was archeologically researched. Excavation time and place, production period, shape and color, conservation treatment, etc of Warabitetos which were unearthed in Miyagi Pref., Iwate Pref. Fukushima Pref.and Hokkaido, were researched. One of Warabitetos were sampled and subjected to the following natural scientific research.(2) Natural Scientific Research Method :Natural scientific research methods were studied, established and applied to analysis of Warabiteto, because they had not been studied. Chemical analysis method and glow discharge mass spectrometric method were studied for element analysis. Scanning electron microscope method with X-ray microanalyzer for observation and lead isotope mass spectrometric method for production site estimation. The paper on the last lead isotope method was read by this investugator, Dr.SAITO,Tsutomu in BUMA (Beginning of Use of Metal and Alloy) -3 Conferece which were held in China in 1994.(3) Reproduction experiment of Warabiteto :Natural scientific experiment was carried out at Oohara of Daito town, Iwate Pref.in 1994 with help of Taira Sugawara, swordsmith. Mochitetsu, magnetite iron ore especially produced near this town was used as raw matearials. Mochitetsu was reduced by charcoal at ca.1300ﾟC for 3 hours. Reduced iron was reheated, hammered and polished for reproduction of Warabiteto. Mochitetsu has possibility of raw matearials of Warabiteto, because it was very pure and easy to be reduced in low temperatures to iron, from the results of analysis and experiment.