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Archaeological and Anthropological Study on the Human Skeletons of Jomon Period

绳文时代人体骨骼的考古学和人类学研究

基本信息

批准号：
06610382
负责人：
NISHIMOTO Toyohiro
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
National Museum of Japanese History
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06610382/
关键词：
Nakazuma Jomon Human Skeleton 合葬

项目摘要

Approximately one hundred skeletal individuals dating the Jomon period were found from one small burial pit at the Nakazuma shell mound site, located in Toride City, Ibaragi Prefecture. The cultural remains suggests that these human skeletons were collectively reburied at the same time during Horinouchi 2 stage in the early Late Jomon period. Thus reburied people might belong to one community consisting of several families.Therefore, kinship was analyzed by comparing similarities of tooth size proportion. Twenty nine individuals were available for this analysis, and Q- mode correlation coefficients were calculated in all pairs of samples using their six or seven tooth crown measurements. Forty six pairs showed high values (more than 0.7), estimating close similarity of tooth size proportion in each pair. Consequently, it was implied that these pairs with such high values have close kinship respectively.However the reliability of kinship seems to be lower than expected, because the highly valued pairs may contain not a few accidental resem-balances. In order to estimate more reliable kinship, therefore, cluster analysis was performed including 63 Jomon individuals from other several sites in Kanto districts. As a result, the 29 Nakazuma samples examined were classified into five clusters. Among them, only the individuals belonging to two clusters fairly tied each other, suggesting kinship in each cluster. Accordingly, it was presumed that the buried people contains at least two major lineages of family.Customary tooth (UI2) evulsion was found in five of the 29 samples. Through kinship analysis above mentioned, strong kinship was not found between the five and other Nakazuma samples, hypothesizing that customary tooth evulsion was carried out against marriage from other tribe.

在茨城县鸟居市的中沼贝壳堆遗址的一个小墓坑中发现了大约100具绳纹时代的骨骼。这些文化遗迹表明，这些人类骨骼是在绳纹时代晚期早期的堀内二阶段同时被集体重新埋葬的。因此，被重新埋葬的人可能属于一个由几个家庭组成的社区。因此，通过比较牙齿大小比例的相似性来分析亲缘关系。29个个体可用于该分析，并在所有对样本中计算Q模式相关系数，使用他们的6或7个牙冠测量。46对牙齿的大小比例较高（大于0.7），表明每对牙齿的大小比例相近。因此，这意味着这些高值的配对分别具有密切的亲缘关系。然而，亲属关系的可靠性似乎低于预期，因为高价值的配对可能包含不少偶然的相似平衡。因此，为了估计更可靠的亲缘关系，对来自关东地区其他几个地点的63名绳纹人进行了聚类分析。结果，检验的29个中沼样本被分为五类。其中，只有属于两个集群的个体彼此之间的联系比较紧密，这表明每个集群中都存在亲属关系。因此，据推测，被埋葬的人至少包含两个主要的家庭血统。29个样本中有5个发现惯常的牙齿（UI2）溃烂。通过上述亲属关系分析，这5个样本与其他Nakazuma样本之间没有很强的亲属关系，假设这5个样本是针对其他部落的婚姻而进行的习惯性脱牙。