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Japanese American Literature and the Pacific War : Hisay Yamamoto's Consciousness of Identity

日裔美国文学与太平洋战争:山本久生的身份意识

基本信息

批准号：
06610450
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Iwao
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06610450/
关键词：
Hisay Yamamoto Japanese American iterature Asian American literature the Pacific War Concentration Camp Second-generation Japanese American 1930年代文学ヒサエ・ヤマモト

项目摘要

Pretty many studies have recently been made of the literature of Hisay Yamamoto, but there are at least two comments to be made on them. One is that very few of her prewar works have been taken up for discussion because they are still buried in history. The other is that no references have been made to her whole literature in terms of the Pacific War, which proposed a serious problem of identity to Japanese Americans, especially to second-generation Japanese Americans.A survey of the works she wrote for about 60 years from before the war till today, reveals that the war made a strong impact on Yamamoto, with the result that she changed her consciousness of identity and that her prewar, wartime and postwar works show their own features. Her prewar works can generally be called a literature of youth and a literature of jokes. But as Japan expanded an invasion in China, which strained Japan-US relations, Yamamoto became more sensitive to political situations both in Japan and in America. She declared her identity as an American just before the war. But with the outbreak of it she became critical of the United States because of her dissatisfaction with a mass incarceration of Japanese Americans into concentration camps and of her grief over her brother's military service as a volunteer. She also showed a pity to defeated Japanese soldiers in a picture. After the war she continued to be critical of racial prejudice in America, and even wrote works of friendship and sympathy with ethnic minorities, supported by her wartime experiences and stimurated by a rising minority movement of the 1960s.

近年来对山本久赛文学的研究很多，但至少有两个评论。一是她的战前作品很少被拿来讨论，因为它们仍然被埋葬在历史中。另一个问题是，她的全部文学作品都没有涉及太平洋战争，这给日裔美国人，特别是第二代日裔美国人提出了一个严重的身份问题。纵观她从战前到今天60年的作品，可以发现战争对山本产生了强烈的影响，从而改变了她的身份意识，使她的战前、战时和战后作品呈现出各自的特色。她的战前作品一般可以称为青春文学和笑话文学。但随着日本扩大对中国的侵略，导致日美关系紧张，山本对日本和美国的政治局势变得更加敏感。她在战前宣布自己是美国人。但随着战争的爆发，她开始批评美国，因为她对大量日裔美国人被关进集中营感到不满，并对她哥哥作为志愿者服兵役感到悲痛。她还在一张照片中对战败的日本士兵表示同情。战后，她继续批评美国的种族偏见，甚至写了一些与少数民族友谊和同情的作品，这些作品得到了她战时经历的支持，并受到20世纪60年代兴起的少数民族运动的刺激。