The Projector as a pioneer of global trade. The Augsburg merchant Konrad Rott and his failed pepper monopoly in 1579/80.

作为全球投影机贸易的先驱。

• 批准号: 442435318
• 负责人: Dr. Markus Berger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Neuere Geschichte unter Einbeziehung der Landesgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/442435318?language=en
• 关键词: Projector; pioneer; global; trade.; Augsburg

Using the Augsburg merchant Konrad Rot as a case study, this research project aims to investigate which role early modern projectors played in global trade and how their actions influenced the economy. Projectors were a type of entrepreneur who tried to obtain financial and legal support for their elaborated plans, especially at the courts. They did so by means of mostly unrealistic promises about the amount of expected revenues and gains for the common weal. Although they habitually failed in putting their ideas into practice, they were an important source for innovation in early modern economy. Already their contemporaries saw a close link between projectors and the highly speculative long-distance trade. In the sixteenth century, Portugal gradually created a network of outposts and trade branches in the Indian Ocean in order to enforce its claimed monopoly on pepper. Due to its high financial needs, Portugal started to lease out this monopoly to investors in the 1570s. Since 1575, the Augsburg merchant Konrad Rott participated in Portuguese pepper trade. Despite a lack of equity, he initially gained the contract for European pepper distribution and, from 1579 on, also the contract for purchasing pepper in India. He convinced the Saxon elector August to invest huge sums in his project and promised him in return to establisha Leipzig-based pepper monopoly for the German-speaking part of Europe. The project failed already after a year, causing Rott to flee from Augsburg. Although he left his creditors completely in the lurch, Rott succeeded in starting a new life in Lisbon as a German consul. This study sees Konrad Rott as a projector and uses him as a case study for investigating in detail how projectors worked and what role they played in the development of early capitalistic structures. In this context, the global dimension of Rott’s plan is particularly interesting. In order to operationalize the concept of projecting appropriately, Werner Plumpe’s model for investigating historic economic dynamics will be used. This model describes economy as three interacting factors: semantics, institutions, and practices.. The proposed research project thus combines different approaches from economic, social, global, and cultural history to explore early modern economic dynamics. It showcases the importance of projecting at the end of the sixteenth century and reconstructs global economic entanglement. The result of this study will be published as a monograph with an appendix of selected edited sources from Rott’s projects

本研究以奥格斯堡商人康拉德·罗特（Konrad Rot）为例，旨在探讨早期现代规划者在全球贸易中扮演的角色以及他们的行为如何影响经济。计划者是一种企业家，他们试图为自己的详细计划获得财政和法律的支持，特别是在法院。他们这样做的手段是对预期的收入和公共福利收益的数额作出大多不切实际的承诺。尽管他们在实践中经常失败，但他们是早期现代经济创新的重要源泉。他们的同时代人已经看到了投影机和高度投机的长途贸易之间的密切联系。在16世纪，葡萄牙逐渐在印度洋建立了一个前哨和贸易分支网络，以加强其对胡椒的垄断。由于其高度的金融需求，葡萄牙在16世纪70年代开始将这一垄断权出租给投资者。1575年，奥格斯堡商人康拉德·罗特（Konrad Rott）开始参与葡萄牙胡椒贸易。尽管缺乏股权，他最初还是获得了欧洲胡椒分销的合同，从1579年起，他还获得了在印度购买胡椒的合同。他说服撒克逊选举人奥古斯特在他的项目上投入巨额资金，并承诺作为回报，他将在莱比锡建立欧洲德语区的胡椒专卖店。一年后，该项目失败，导致罗特逃离奥格斯堡。尽管罗特把债主们完全留在了里斯本，但他还是成功地在里斯本开始了新的生活，担任德国领事。本研究将康拉德·罗特视为一个投射者，并以他为案例，详细研究投射者是如何工作的，以及他们在早期资本主义结构的发展中扮演了什么角色。在这种情况下，罗特计划的全球层面特别有趣。为了操作的概念，适当的预测，维尔纳普朗普的模型，调查历史经济动态将被使用。这个模型将经济描述为三个相互作用的因素：语义，制度和实践。因此，拟议的研究项目结合了经济，社会，全球和文化历史的不同方法来探索早期现代经济动态。它展示了在十六世纪末进行预测的重要性，并重建了全球经济的纠缠。这项研究的结果将作为一本专著出版，并附有从罗特的项目中选出的编辑资料的附录