Empirical Study on Unit-Component Suppliers in Japanese Electronics Industry

日本电子产业单元零部件供应商实证研究

• 批准号: 06630036
• 负责人: IKEDA Masayoshi
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: Chuo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06630036/
• 关键词: industries for consumer-goods and office-automation; unit-components; unit-component subcontractors; relationship for technical information exchange; information network; local production; supplier-association; local supplier development; ユニツト部品 /

(1) In Japanese consumer-electronics and office-automation industries, unit-components which are key elements of final products, are provided by suppliers for the majority of cases, not manufactured by final producers. Whereas in Europe and USA,due to difficulties to procure them locally, Japanese transplants are forced, on one hand, to import them from Japan or their own transplants in South-East Asia or, on the other hand, to assemble them in their own factories. This study focuses on the above-mentioned contrast in unit-components procurement and tries to clarify the Japanese characteristics and to examine the possibilities to develop and to support such a kind of suppliers in Europe or USA.(2) After selecting typical manufacturers in consumer-electronics and office-automation industries, we visited factories and interviewed managers following the questionnaire previously prepared.(3) We found empirically that, when the suppliers are growing the business in Japan, they exchange tech … More nical information with their customers in a very intimate manner due to long and stable relationship kept with their customers. This exchange of information between customers and suppliers should not be regarded unilaterally as a transfer of technology from customer to suppliers. The contribution of suppliers in this cooperation should be noticed and suppliers even take the technical initiative in particular fields ; without this contribution from suppliers, large firms could not have achieved the development of some of major products such as VTR or photocopier. In Europe or USA where this intimate and stable cooperation is absent, the development of VTR or photocopier, for example, could not be completed. We can note in Japan the evolution of information networks established on the supplier-association basis aiming to encourage manufacturing-development capabilities of subcontractors.(4) High appreciation of Yen makes more and more difficult to export unit-components from Japan and accelerates the transfer of facilities of unit-component suppliers to the countries where the final assembly plants are already established. When the transfer to Europe or USA appeared not realistic, Asian countries substituted them as the beneficiaries. Procurement of unit-components by local suppliers has not been fulfillled for the majority of cases in Europe and USA where Japanese set makers have not successfully instructed nor developed local suppliers. Recently, EU countries are carrying on supplier development project in cooperation with Japanese firms and MITI ; it still takes long time to fulfilll the objective. Less

(1)在日本的消费电子和办公自动化行业中，作为最终产品关键要素的单元部件在大多数情况下由供应商提供，而不是由最终生产商制造。而在欧洲和美国，由于难以在当地采购，日本的移植公司被迫一方面从日本进口或在东南亚自己移植，另一方面在自己的工厂组装。本研究的重点是上述的对比在单元组件采购，并试图澄清日本的特点，并检查的可能性，开发和支持这样的供应商在欧洲或美国。(2)在选择了消费电子和办公自动化行业的典型制造商之后，我们访问了工厂，并根据先前准备的问卷采访了管理人员。(3)我们通过经验发现，当供应商在日本发展业务时，他们会交换技术 ...更多信息 由于与客户保持着长期稳定的关系，我们以非常亲密的方式与客户分享有关信息。客户和供应商之间的这种信息交流不应被单方面视为客户向供应商的技术转让。应当注意到供应商在这种合作中所作的贡献，供应商甚至在某些领域采取技术主动;如果没有供应商的这种贡献，大公司就不可能开发出一些主要产品，如录像机或复印机。在欧洲或美国，这种亲密和稳定的合作是缺乏的，录像机或复印机的发展，例如，不能完成。我们可以注意到在日本，以制造商协会为基础建立的信息网络的发展，其目的是鼓励分包商的制造开发能力。(4)日元的高升值使得从日本出口单元部件越来越困难，并加速了单元部件供应商向已建立总装厂的国家转移设施。当转移到欧洲或美国似乎不现实时，亚洲国家取代他们成为受益者。在欧洲和美国的大多数情况下，日本成套设备制造商没有成功地指导或开发当地供应商，当地供应商没有完成对单元部件的采购。最近，欧盟国家正在与日本企业和MITI合作进行供应商开发项目，但要实现这一目标还需要很长时间。少

项目成果

池田正孝: "現地生産の展開と部品調達の「ジャパナイゼーション」-事務機器産業と自動車産業との現地部品調達問題-" 通商産業研究所Discussion Paper. DOJ-72. 1-49 (1996)

池田正孝：“本地生产的发展和零部件采购的‘日本化’——办公设备行业和汽车行业之间的本地零部件采购问题——”国际贸易和工业研究所讨论论文 DOJ-72（1996 年）。 ）

Toshihiro Nishiguchi and Masayoshi Ikeda (Edited by Toshihiro Nishiguchi): "Managing Product Development" Oxford University Press, 306 (1996)

Toshihiro Nishiguchi 和 Masayoshi Ikeda（Toshihiro Nishiguchi 编辑）：《管理产品开发》牛津大学出版社，306 (1996)

Toshihiro NISHIGUCHI and Masayoshi IKEDA (edited by T.NISHIGUCHI).: Managing Product Development. Oxfornd University Press, 306 (1996)

Toshihiro NISHIGUCHI 和 Masayoshi IKEDA（T.NISHIGUCHI 编辑）：管理产品开发。

池田正孝: "世界のモデル化しつつある日本的生産システム" 日本機械学会誌(テーマ:国際問題). 99. 20-22 (1996)

池田正孝：“日本生产体系成为世界典范”日本机械工程学会杂志（主题：国际问题）99. 20-22（1996）。

池田正孝: "世界のモデル化しつつある日本的生産システム" 日本機械学会誌(テーマ:国際問題). 99. 28-31 (1996)

池田正孝：“日本生产体系成为世界典范”日本机械工程学会杂志（主题：国际问题）99. 28-31（1996）。