Effects of food plants on the geographic destribution and food habits of phytophagous ladybird beetles.

食用植物对植食性瓢虫地理分布和食性的影响。

• 批准号: 06640805
• 负责人: KATAKURA Haruo
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06640805/
• 关键词: Epilachna pustulosa; E.niponica; Cirsium spp.; Host selection; Geographic destribution

The distribution of thistles (Cirsium spp.) and thistle feeding ladybird beetles (Epilachna pustlosa and E.niponica) was surveyed in Oshima Peninsula, southern Hokkaido. E.pustulosa was collected in the morthern part of the peninsula north of the Kariba mountains, occurring on predominant C.kamtschaticum. On the other hand, E.niponica was confined to Ohno Plain and its adjacent areas in the southern part, mainly occuring on C.alpicola. With only one exception, both beetle species did not utilize C.grayanum which was the commonest thistle species all over the peninsula south of the Kariba mountains. Thus there was a zone around the neck of the peninsula that lacked occurrence of thistle feeding ladybird beetles despite there was plenty thistles. Laboratory studies revealed that both beetle species did not prefer C.grayanumand the larvae performed less on that thistle species. Furthermore, E.niponicafemales laid more than 80% of eggs on C.alpicola when they were allowed tochoose between the above three species of thistles in a green house, and the larvae hatched from eggs occasionally laid on C.grayanum did not feed on laeaves of this thistle and dispersed. From these results it was concluded that the distribution of the thistle feedingladybird beetles in Oshima Peninsula was determined by the nature of locally predominant thistle species.

蓟（Cirsium spp.）调查了北海道南部大岛半岛的食叶瓢虫Epilachna pustlosa和食叶瓢虫E.niponica。E.pustulosa采集于卡里巴山脉以北半岛的Moreover部分，主要发生在C.kamtschaticum上。另一方面，刺叶螟仅限于南部大野平原及其邻近地区，主要发生在高山刺叶螟上。只有一个例外，这两种甲虫没有利用C.grayanum，这是最常见的蓟物种在整个半岛南部的卡里巴山脉。因此，在半岛的颈部周围有一个区域，尽管有大量的蓟，但没有出现蓟食瓢虫。实验室研究表明，这两种甲虫都不喜欢C. grayanum，幼虫对蓟的表现也较低。此外，在绿色温室中，日本螟在上述3种蓟中选择时，80%以上的卵产在高山蓟上，偶尔产在灰蓟上的卵孵化出的幼虫不取食该蓟的叶而分散。根据这些结果，可以得出结论：半岛食蓟瓢虫的分布是由当地优势种蓟的性质决定的。