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Modes of speciation in Indonesian terrestrial arthropods

印度尼西亚陆生节肢动物的物种形成模式

基本信息

批准号：
11691161
负责人：
KATAKURA Haruo
金额：
$ 10.78万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11691161/
关键词：
Asian tropics Speciation Biodiversity Oriental region Australian region Terrestrial arthropods Wallacea

项目摘要

Although it has been well recognized that the biodiversity is richest in tropics, our knowledge on the speciation phenomena in tropical organisms is still poor. In the present study, we tried to elucidate the modes of speciation in several groups of terrestrial arthropods in Indonesia, which stretches from the Oriental region to the Australian region. Particular attention has been paid to the faunal change across the boundary of the two zoogeographic regions known as Wallacea. The following islands have been investigated by us: Sumatra (West Sumatra), Java (all the island) and Bali, belonging to the Malesia land mass; Lombok, Sumbawa and Sulawesi (northeastern part, central part, and southern part) belonging to Wallacea. Unfortunately, the eastern parts of the intended study sites, including Irian Jaya, could not be investigated owing to political reasons. In the last year of the three years survey, we have also examined some groups of insects in the Kura isthmus in the Malay Peninsula, which is known as the boundary of tropic and sub-tropic zones in the Southeast Asia.Patterns of the faunal change across Wallacea seemed different according to the groups of animals. For example, while epilachnine ladybirds showed different faunas in the Oriental and Australia regions, and furthermore, there is a rather characteristic fauna in Sulawesi, no such geographic divergence was suggested for social wasps with high mobility. On the other hand, harvestmen and millipedes decreased in the number of species eastward, possibly affected by increasing aridity. Furthermore, we have discovered several cases of putative host races or host related sibling species (candidates of sympatrically speciated species) in epilachnine ladybird beetles, and were able to perform laboratory experiments to examine performance and preference of some species. These studies will contribute to our better understanding of the mode of speciation in tropical insects and other arthropods.

虽然人们已经认识到热带生物多样性是最丰富的，但我们对热带生物物种形成现象的认识仍然很薄弱。在本研究中，我们试图阐明在印度尼西亚，从东方地区延伸到澳大利亚地区的几组陆生节肢动物的物种形成模式。特别注意的是跨越被称为Wallacea的两个动物地理区域边界的动物群变化。我们已经调查了以下岛屿：苏门答腊（西苏门答腊），爪哇（所有岛屿）和巴厘岛，属于马尔代夫陆块;龙目岛，松巴哇岛和苏拉威西岛（东北部，中部和南部）属于Wallacea。不幸的是，由于政治原因，未能对包括伊里安查亚在内的预定研究地点的东部进行调查。在过去三年的调查中，我们还考察了位于马来半岛的库拉地峡（Kura isthmus）的一些昆虫类群，该地峡被称为东南亚热带和亚热带的分界线。例如，虽然epilachnine瓢虫表现出不同的区系在东方和澳大利亚地区，而且，有一个相当有特色的动物区系在苏拉威西岛，没有这样的地理分歧建议社会黄蜂具有高流动性。另一方面，收割者和千足虫减少的物种数量向东，可能是受干旱增加。此外，我们已经发现了几个案件的推定的主机种族或主机相关的兄弟物种（同域物种的候选人）在elachnine瓢虫，并能够进行实验室实验，以检查性能和偏好的一些物种。这些研究将有助于我们更好地了解热带昆虫和其他节肢动物的物种形成模式。