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Speciation of phytophagous insects : Testing "Sympatric speciation via host race formation" hypothesis

植食性昆虫的物种形成：检验“通过宿主种族形成的同域物种形成”假设

基本信息

批准号：
14204081
负责人：
KATAKURA Haruo
金额：
$ 35.86万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14204081/
关键词：
ecological speciation epilachnine ladybird beetles host specificity reproductive isolation quantitative genetics DNA analyses host race East and southeast Asia 隠蔽種ヨモギハムシオオヨモギハムシ種群交配実験分子系統解析量的遺伝子

项目摘要

We tested the hypothesis that phytophagous insects speciate sympatrically through an intermediate state called "host races," using epilachnine ladybird beetles and Chrysolina leaf beetles as the research materials. The main results are :1. On the basis of various sorts of information we have demonstrated that two sympatric ladybird beetles, Henosepilachna niponica feeding on wild thistles (Cirsium spp., Asteraceae) and H.yasutomii, on blue cohosh (Caulophyllum robustum, Berberidaceae), are reproductively isolated by their fidelity to respective host plants. A comparison of this species pair and their northerly distributed sibling species H. pustulosa (occurring on both thistle and blue cohosh) suggests that the difference of life history traits, in particular phenological trait, might be important to account for the observed sympatric/allopatric relationships of these ladybird beetles. Furthermore, sympatric occurrence of H. niponica and H. yasutomii might be maintained by the selectio … More n against their hybrids that showed lower fitness than parents on either thistle or blue cohosh.2. In Indonesia, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, known as an important pest of solanaceous crops and weeds, is proven to be expanding their host plant range to cover an introduced weedy legume, Centrosema pubescens.3. Another Indonesian species Henosepilachna sp. 3 is proven to be consisted of two host specific races, one on Mikania (Asteraceae) and another on Leucas (Labiatae). The two races are nearly completely reproductively isolated, and a mitochondrial analysis suggests that the two have diverged on the island of Java.The results showed that the shift of host plants significantly influence the phytophagous insects both physiologically and ecologically, and immediately yields a very strong reproductive isolation between the population on the old host plant and that on the new host. The results suggest that the state of "host races" might be very short or even not realized during the host mediated speciation of phytophagous insects. Less

本文以瓢虫和金管叶甲为研究材料，验证了植食性昆虫通过“寄主小种”的中间状态同域性物种形成的假说。有以下主要結果: 1.本文根据各种资料，证明了以野生蓟（Cirsium spp.，紫菀科（Asteraceae））和H.yasutomii，在蓝升麻（Caulophyllum robustum，小檗科）上，通过它们对各自宿主植物的忠诚度而繁殖性地分离。本文对该种与其北部分布的近缘种H. pustulosa（发生于蓟和蓝升麻上）的差异表明，生活史特征的差异，特别是物候特征的差异，可能是造成这些瓢虫同域/异域分布关系的重要原因。此外，H. niponica和H. yasutomii可能通过选择而保持 ...更多信息 2.杂交种在蓟和蓝升麻上的适应性均低于亲本。在印度尼西亚，众所周知的茄科作物和杂草的重要害虫-葡萄八点瓢虫已被证明正在扩大其寄主植物范围，以包括一种引进的杂草豆科植物-。另一种印尼种Henosepilachna sp.3被证实由两个寄主特异性小种组成，一个在Mikania（菊科）上，另一个在Leucas（唇形科）上。结果表明，寄主植物的转移对植食性昆虫的生理生态产生了显著的影响，在新寄主植物上的种群与老寄主植物上的种群之间立即产生了很强的生殖隔离。结果表明，在寄主介导的植食性昆虫物种形成过程中，“寄主小种”的状态可能很短，甚至没有实现。少