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Development of Traffic Network and Car Parks Simulation Model for Estimating Effects of Parking Guidance and Information Systems

交通网络和停车场仿真模型的开发，用于估计停车引导和信息系统的效果

基本信息

批准号：
06650592
负责人：
ASAKURA Yasuo
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

More than 50 cities in the world have already installed Parking Guidance and Information (PGI) systems. PGI systems provides location, direction and availability information of car parks to car drivers in order to redistribute parking demand and to reduce queues and congestion in the popular car parks.This study aims to develop traffic network simulation model with car parks for estimating effects of PGI systems.Three times of car park site survery have been made in Matsuyama city for understanding drivers'response to the PGI system. In spite of the high awareness rate, the percentage of car drivers who used the system was relatively low and drivers did not change car park choice behavior as much as they might be. According to the Stated Preference survey, different types of parking availability information were sufficiently important for car park choice.This means that there might be some actual constraints for drivers'car park choice such as shopping time and place constraints.PGI systems are expected to reduce those constraints.The network simulation model consists of three sub models ; demand sub-model, performance sub-model and information providing sub-model. The demand model describes a driver's car park choice and route choice behavior. The performance submodel calculates the movement of a vehicle in the network and car parks along the route given through the demand model. The information sub-model provides three different types of availability information. The results of the model calculation showed that providing availability information would generally redistribute parking demand and reduce traveling and queuing time of car drivers in the network and car parks. However, it depends on the congestion level and FULL/SPACES information might not be always effective under the congested situation.

目前，全球已有50多个城市安装了停车诱导和信息系统（PGI）。PGI系统向汽车驾驶员提供停车场的位置、方向和可用性信息，以重新分配停车需求，减少热门停车场的排队和拥挤。本研究旨在建立含停车场的交通网络模拟模型，以评估PGI系统的效果。为了了解驾驶员对PGI系统的反应，在松山市进行了三次停车场现场调查。尽管知晓率很高，但使用该系统的汽车驾驶员的比例相对较低，驾驶员并没有尽可能多地改变停车场选择行为。根据陈述偏好调查，不同类型的停车位可用性信息对停车场选择足够重要，这意味着驾驶员停车场选择可能存在一些实际约束，如购物时间和地点约束，PGI系统有望减少这些约束。网络仿真模型包括三个子模型：需求子模型，性能子模型和信息提供子模型。需求模型描述了驾驶员的停车场选择和路线选择行为。性能子模型计算车辆在网络和停车场中沿通过需求模型给定的路线沿着的移动。信息子模型提供三种不同类型的可用性信息。模型计算结果表明，提供可用性信息通常会重新分配停车需求，减少汽车司机在网络和停车场的旅行和排队时间。然而，这取决于拥塞水平，并且在拥塞情况下，FULL/SPACES信息可能并不总是有效的。