Study on tracking systems of individual travel behavior using mobile communication instruments

旅行行为模型近年来得到了高度发展，能够描述详细的人类行为。这些现代模型的参数估计需要高精度的测量，然而，传统的调查方法，如问卷调查技术，因为它们依赖于人类的记忆能力，不能得到所需的精度。移动的通信工具可用于收集在时间和空间上具有高度准确性的旅行行为数据。本研究旨在开发和评估一种利用PHS通信系统（一种移动的通信工具）进行出行行为调查的方法。本研究包括三个主题，例如，“开发和评估位置检测方法”，“开发从位置数据获取出行行为信息的方法”和“实施 关于我们 在出行行为调查的应用中，提出了一种利用PHS系统进行位置检测的新方法。该方法不需要关于基站的位置数据的信息，这在先前的方法中是需要的并且可能难以从电话公司获得。通过数值仿真和实验研究，验证了该算法的精度和其他性能，并提出了一种基于模糊神经网络的出行路径确定方法。由PHS获得的位置数据可能具有干扰用简单方法确定公平路线的误差。提出了“路径拓扑指数”的概念，并对路径拓扑指数进行了分析。这是一个工具，以找出拓扑特征的路线，旅客已采取。一个实验已经进行了科比北野观光区。许多人被雇佣，并被要求像普通游客一样在该地区四处走动。PHS终端分布在这些主题和整个轨迹收集在他们的徘徊。通过实验，我们对实验数据进行了处理，得到了一些有趣的知识。少

Travel behaviour models have been highly developed in these years and are able to describe detailed human behaviour. Measurements with high accuracy are now requested to estimate parameters of these modern models, however, traditional survey methods like questionnaire techniques cannot get requested precision because they rely on human capability of memory. Mobile communication tools can be used to collect travel behaviour data with highly accuracy in time and space. These tools, which can measure precise position and record these data automatically, are considered as a new means of travel behaviour surveys.This study aims to develop and evaluate a methodology of survey of travel behaviour using PHS telecommunication systems, which is a sort of mobile communication instruments. This study consists of three subjects, such as, "Developing and evaluating a position detection method", "Developing methods for obtaining information on travel behaviour from position data", and "Carrying out a … More n application of a travel behaviour survey.A new method of position detection with PHS system has been developed. This method needs no information on position data of base stations, which is needed in previous methods and can be hard to obtain from telephone companies. Precision and other characteristics are examined with a numerical simulation and an empirical study, and good performance has been confirmed.A method of travel route determination has been also developed. The position data obtained by PHS can have an error which interferes fair route determination with simple methods. This method can estimate a route chosen by a traveller from the position data with poor accuracy.A concept of "route topology index" has been proposed. This is a tool to find topological characteristics of routes which travellers have taken.An experiment has been carried out in Kobe Kitano sightseeing area. Numbers of people are hired and asked to get around the area as a normal tourist. PHS terminals are distributed among these subjects and whole trajectories are collected during their wandering. Data are treated with the methods proposed by this study and some interesting knowledge is obtained by this experiment. Less