GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION AND VALUATION OF DROUGHT AND SALT RESISTANCE ON DOMESTICATED PLANTS (GRAMINEAE) IN WEST TURKESTAN

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(1) The following materials collected mainly from West Turkestan were used on the comparative experiment.Sorghum bicolor ; 54 strains (West Turkestan), 30 (West Africa), 6 (Japan), and wild Sorghum species ; 2 strains.Panicum miliaceum ; 38 (West Turkestan), 22 (Japan), and 75 F1 hybrid strains.Setaria spp. ; 4 (West Turkestan).Echinochloa sp. ; 1 strain (West Turkestan).(2) Sorghum bicolor collected from West Turkestan were classified into 5 types based on the form of spike ; 1) broom corn, 2) sparse panicle, 3) dense panicle, 4) spear shape (sugar), and 5) ovate (grain).(3) Panicum miliaceum collected from West Turkestan were classified into 3 types : A,straight and compact spike ; B,small spike ; and C,small sparse spike. A type had few tillering and brown lemma, B type did many tillerings and gray lemma, and C type did many tillerings and seed shattering (mimicry companion weed). Especially, C type had an early flowering and such a reddish purple colored stigma as the strains collected from Hokkaido, Japan.(4) One strain of Setaria italica, which was mixed in the seeds of proso millet, had many tillerings and small spikes. It seemed an ancestral type as well as C type of proso millet.(5) The fatty acid component was detected in 10 strains of Sorghum bicolor (West Turkestan), 2 (Africa) and 1 (Japan).(6)The drought and salt resistance of Triticeae were compared with 21 stains.