Physio-Pharmacological Effects of Analgesics and Sedatives on Respiratory Depression

在第一年，我们研究了七氟烷对猫膈神经放电和呼吸计时的影响，并与氟烷进行了比较。这些结果表明，七氟烷对呼吸神经放电的抑制作用较弱，对神经呼吸频率的影响小于氟烷。这可能是由于七氟烷对迷走神经介导和CO2相关机制的影响较小，这些机制调节中枢呼吸控制系统的总体输出（1）。第二年，我们还研究了苯二氮卓类药物（咪达唑仑）对健康志愿者的呼吸影响。这些数据表明，氟马西尼完全逆转咪达唑仑诱导的镇静作用，但对呼吸抑制相关的某些参数部分有效（2）。它还证明了咪达唑仑诱导的镇静和呼吸模式在男性和女性受试者之间的差异，咪达唑仑以mg/kg为基础给药（3）。为了研究与呼吸抑制相关的心脏自主神经系统，我们在健康志愿者中进行了一项初步研究，接受右或左星状神经节阻滞（SGB）。研究结果表明，右SGB刺激心脏自主神经系统，左SGB抑制它（4-6）。我们将在适当时候研究咪达唑仑对心脏自主神经系统影响。

In the first year, we investigated the effects of sevoflurane on the phrenic nerve discharge and the respiratory timing compared with those of halothane in cats. These findings demonstrated that sevoflurane has a weaker depressive effect on the respiratory nerve discharge and a smaller effect on the neural respiratory rate than halothane. This may be due to the lesser effect of sevoflurane on the vagal mediated and CO2-related mechanisms which modulate the global outputs of the central respiratory control systems (1).In the second year, we also investigated the respiratory effects of benzodiazepine (midazolam) in healthy volunteers. This data suggests that flumazenil reverses midazolam-induced sedation completely but is partially effective for some parameters related to respiratory depression (2). It also demonstrated the difference in midazolam-induced sedation and breathing patterns between male and female subjects with midazolam administration on a mg/kg basis (3).To investigate the cardiac autonomic nervous system related to respiratory depression, we conducted a preliminary study in healthy volunteers under right or left stellate ganglion block (SGB). The findings suggest that right SGB stimulates the cardiac autonomic nervous system and left SGB suppress it (4-6). We will study that effect of midazolam on the cardiac autonomic nervous system in due time.