Performance Enhancement in Distributed Fiber Sensing by Noise Reduction

通过降噪增强分布式光纤传感的性能

• 批准号: 444026958
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Thomas Schneider
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/444026958?language=en
• 关键词: Performance; Enhancement; Distributed; Fiber; Sensing

As a key enabling factor for Industry 4.0 and smart city, the Internet of things (IoT) is forecasted to have a market over $ 7,000 billion and connect nearly 30 billion devices by 2020. Sensors account for a large number of the connected devices and act as a fundamental pillar of IoT. Optical fiber sensing has been a driving force for the IoT, mainly due to the unique properties of the optical fiber, i.e. being small size, chemically inert, and immune to electromagnetic interference. Furthermore, distributed fiber sensors (DFSs) offer economic solutions due to their low-cost per sensing points. The performance of DFS is defined by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the sensing system. Current research focuses on signal enhancement to improve the SNR. The reported methods often need costly and power-consuming equipment. Furthermore, the progress of the SNR improvement seems to be insufficient for the fast development and deployment of IoT. The limited sensing distance of current DFSs (usually < 100 km) without inline amplification, is far from enough, compared with the 1,222 km pipeline length under the Baltic Sea between Germany and Russia (North Stream 2 project) or the 500,000 km gas network just in Germany. To answer to the need for excellent distributed sensing performance particularly over long distances, the proposal ambitions to significantly enhance the SNR from the other direction—by reducing noise. By a fundamental understanding of the origin of different noise sources in distributed sensing, the main objective of the proposal is to investigate different methods to reduce the noise and to enhance the performance of the sensors. If the aim is achieved, the SNR can be enhanced by at least four orders of magnitude in a more cost-effective and energy efficient way, doubling the performance of the state-of-the-art sensors.

作为工业 4.0 和智慧城市的关键推动因素，物联网 (IoT) 预计到 2020 年将拥有超过 7 万亿美元的市场，并连接近 300 亿台设备。传感器占连接设备的很大一部分，是物联网的基本支柱。光纤传感一直是物联网的驱动力，这主要是由于光纤的独特特性，即尺寸小、化学惰性和不受电磁干扰。此外，分布式光纤传感器 (DFS) 由于每个传感点的成本较低，因此提供了经济的解决方案。 DFS 的性能由传感系统的信噪比 (SNR) 定义。 目前的研究重点是信号增强以提高信噪比。所报道的方法通常需要昂贵且耗电的设备。此外，信噪比改善的进展似乎不足以满足物联网的快速发展和部署。与德国和俄罗斯之间波罗的海海底 1,222 公里的管道长度（North Stream 2 项目）或德国境内 500,000 公里的天然气管网相比，当前没有在线放大的 DFS 的有限传感距离（通常< 100 公里）还远远不够。为了满足对优异的分布式传感性能的需求，特别是在长距离上，该提案的目标是通过降低噪声来显着提高另一个方向的信噪比。通过对分布式传感中不同噪声源的起源的基本了解，该提案的主要目标是研究降低噪声和增强传感器性能的不同方法。如果目标实现，SNR 可以以更具成本效益和能源效率的方式提高至少四个数量级，从而使最先进传感器的性能提高一倍。