Representation of the People through the Camera and Parliamentary Cultures – Parliaments and Television in France and the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1960s and 1970s

通过摄像机和议会文化代表人民 – 20 世纪 60 年代和 1970 年代法国和德意志联邦共和国的议会和电视

• 批准号: 444991108
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christoph Cornelißen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Kommission für Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien e.V.
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/444991108?language=en
• 关键词: Representation; People; through; Camera; Parliamentary

The project aims at a comparison of the television coverage of the parliaments in France and the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1960s and 1970s. The central questions revolve around new forms of audio-visual presentation and modes of staging the Assemblée nationale and the Bundestag in the new dominant national medium. It will also deal with the different institutional and personal “entanglements” between parliaments and television broadcasters, thus showing how parliamentary debates became a constant part of political television. In the “era of scarcity” with only one or two television channels the “whole” nation gathered in front of the television screen to an extent that does not exist anymore. In doing this it became familiarized with parliamentary speeches and debates. This pertains, above all, to parliamentary speeches on the occasion of government policy statements or budget debates, but also to special broadcasts on “May 1968” in France or on the debates about the emergency legislation in 1968 and the “Neue Ostpolitik” in the early 1970s. The preparatory work for this project also suggests that the case of France and West-Germany allows for an exploration of different ways in which television became part of an established media ensemble that covered parliamentary politics. Based on written and audio-visual sources in particular the project plans, firstly, to analyse selected cases of the presence of parliamentary debates on television from the mid-sixties onwards. This involves a reference to sophisticated methodologies to look into different modes of parliamentary communication (e. g. sequence analysis of recordings, performance of deputies and the role of journalists); secondly, to elaborate the emerging networks of relationships between parliaments and television broadcasters and also to distinguish them in regard to the different political cultures and media systems; thirdly, to contrast the above mentioned selected cases of parliamentary television with the continuous television coverage on parliament. The aim is to embed both in the context of (political) television of the 1960s and 1970s and to highlight the highs, lows and persistent patterns of parliament in the new “culture de masse visuelle”. From this international comparison of early parliamentary television, the applicant expects significant advances in our knowledge of the historical interrelations between political cultures and media change in France and West-Germany. Given the different political regimes and media-systems in both countries, the case offers the opportunity for a review of the “mediatization”-paradigm that has been formulated for the politics of Western democracies. By focussing on the structural problem of parliamentary communication with the sovereign via television, the project will contrast the Franco-German couple in an unconventional way, aiming at a more differentiated view of both countries’ political “history of entanglements”.

该项目旨在比较 20 世纪 60 年代和 1970 年代法国和德意志联邦共和国议会的电视报道。核心问题围绕新的视听呈现形式以及在新的主导国家媒体中举办国民议会和联邦议院的模式。它还将处理议会和电视广播公司之间不同的机构和个人“纠葛”，从而展示议会辩论如何成为政治电视的固定组成部分。在只有一两个电视频道的“稀缺时代”，“整个”国家聚集在电视屏幕前的程度已经不复存在。通过这样做，它熟悉了议会演讲和辩论。这首先涉及政府政策声明或预算辩论时的议会演讲，也涉及法国“1968年5月”的特别广播或有关1968年紧急立法和1970年代初期“新东方政策”辩论的特别广播。该项目的准备工作还表明，法国和西德的案例允许探索电视成为报道议会政治的既定媒体整体一部分的不同方式。该项目计划首先以书面和视听资料为基础，分析六十年代中期以来电视上出现的议会辩论的选定案例。这涉及参考复杂的方法来研究议会沟通的不同模式（例如录音的序列分析、代表的表现和记者的角色）；其次，阐述议会和电视广播机构之间正在形成的关系网络，并根据不同的政治文化和媒体系统对它们进行区分；第三，将上述议会电视台的选定案例与议会电视的连续报道进行对比。其目的是将两者嵌入 20 世纪 60 年代和 1970 年代的（政治）电视背景中，并突出新的“大众视觉文化”中议会的高潮、低谷和持续模式。通过对早期议会电视的国际比较，申请人预计我们对法国和西德政治文化与媒体变革之间的历史相互关系的了解将取得重大进展。鉴于两国不同的政治体制和媒体体系，本案提供了一个重新审视为西方民主政治制定的“媒体化”范式的机会。该项目将重点关注议会通过电视与主权国家沟通的结构性问题，以一种非常规的方式对比法德夫妇，旨在对两国政治“纠葛的历史”有更加不同的看法。