Framing Big Data: The Media Framing of Aggregate Data and New Data-Based Processes in Comparison of Communicative Forms, Time Periods, and Countries

该项目调查聚合数据和新的基于数据的过程是如何在媒体中形成框架的。它使用了广泛的材料样本，从比较的角度重建了大数据的框架。为此，它连接了三个层面：第一，专业交际形式的框架与参与式形式的框架进行了比较。其次，在时间尺度上追踪新闻框架和用户生成框架之间的影响关系。第三，对这些进程的分析考虑了三个国家，即德国、美国和南非。通过这一点，该项目解决了我们在广泛的数据通信背景下对文化轰动的理解中的三个空白。首先，它绘制了来自新闻媒体和大众自我传播的大数据框架的曲目。其次，它探索了围绕大数据的话语在时间上的动态展开。第三，讨论了跨国比较中对大数据的视角的差异。为了实现这三个研究目标，本项目采用了多方法设计。数据和方法的结合使得能够比较地捕捉媒体画面以及新闻稿件和用户生成的稿件之间的时间关系。它包括对社会政治话题方面和呈现方面的定性预分析。新闻文章的抽样标准是基于这一概述。在新闻材料中，关键事件被归纳为与主题相关的文章数量显著增加的那些阶段。这样确定的关键事件然后作为对用户生成的通信进行抽样的标准。其次是对新闻文章语料库和用户生成的通信语料库中的口头和视觉框架进行人工内容分析。下一步，我们将探索这两个语料库之间的语篇关系。各国将讨论对大数据的解释和围绕大数据的论述的异同。

The project investigates how aggregate data and new data-based processes are framed in the media. Using a broad sampling of materials, it reconstructs in comparative perspective the framing of big data. To this end, it connects three levels: First, frames in professional communicative forms are compared with those from participatory formats. Second, the relations of influence between the journalistic and user-generated frames are traced on a temporal scale. Third, the analysis of these processes considers three countries, that is, Germany, the U.S., and South Africa. With this, the project addresses three gaps in our understanding of cultural sensemaking in the context of extensive datafication. First, it maps the repertoire of frames of big data from journalistic media and mass-self communication. Second, it explores the dynamic unfolding of the discourse around big data across time. Third, it discusses the variance of perspectives on big data in cross-country comparison. To achieve the three research objectives, the project uses a multi-method design. The combination of data and methods allows for the comparative capture of media frames and the temporal relationship between journalistic and user-generated contributions. It includes the qualitative pre-analysis of socio-political topic aspects and presentation aspects. The sampling criteria for the press articles are based on this overview. Within the journalistic material, key events are inductively identified as those phases in which the volume of thematically relevant articles increases significantly. The key events thus identified then serve as criteria for sampling user-generated communication. This is followed by the manual content analysis of the verbally and visually manifested frames in the corpus of press articles and in the corpus of user-generated communications. In the next step, the discourse relationships between both corpora are explored over time. The similarities and differences in the interpretations of and the discourses around big data will be discussed across countries.