Study on Uranium Redox-flow Battery with High Energy Efficiency

高能效铀氧化还原液流电池研究

• 批准号: 15206111
• 负责人: SHIOKAWA Yoshinobu
• 金额: $ 17.97万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15206111/
• 关键词: Redox-flow battery; Utilization of depleted uranium; Electrocity power storage; Renewable energy; Leveling of electricity of wind power

More than 120 million tons of depleted uranium has been stored all over the world even at the end of 1999, and an development of its peaceful utilization is an important issue. One of the most outstanding property of actinide chemistry lies in reversible electrode reaction between III/IV valences, and V/VI valences. Provided this character is used, a redox-flow battery possessing high energy efficiency even if comparing with the existing vanadium battery is expected.Energy efficiency was theoretically studied in 2003. In vanadium battery, positive electrode reaction VO_2^++4H^++e^-→VO^<2+>+2H_2O is inner-sphere reaction accompanied with dissociation of oxygen. Due to activation overpotential 16% of energy are lost in discharge and charge cycle at current density 70mA/cm2. In contrast, since reactions of both electrolytes are rapid in actinides, loss of energy by activation overpotential remains in 2% in the case of Np. We constructed the Np battery and energy efficiency was studied through charge and discharge experiments.In 2004, uranium battery which equips with U(V) and U(III) as positive and negative electrolytes, respectively, was constructed and demonstrated. As a result, this uranium battery discharged electricity enough for rotating rotor of motor was confirmed. On the other hand, concentration of U(V) and U(III) in discharged and charged state, respectively, decays in half decay period for around several hours. Since this means that stability of uranium complex is not enough, in 2005, investigation of U(V) and U(III) complex, which were merely studied up to present, were performed. Consequently, preparation of U(V) complex solution with the half life exceeding a half year was successful. Also a preparation of the U(III) diamide complex was successful and during its half life of 11 hours in solution, electrode reaction of U(III)/U(IV) was studied.

即使在1999年底，全世界储存的贫铀也超过1.2亿吨，发展贫铀的和平利用是一个重要问题。锕系元素化学最突出的性质之一是III/IV价和V/VI价之间的可逆电极反应。如果利用这一特性，即使与现有的钒电池相比，也可以期待具有高能量效率的氧化还原液流电池。钒电池正极反应VO_2^++4H^++e^-→VO^<2+>+2H_2O为伴有氧解离的内球反应。在70 mA/cm ~ 2的电流密度下，由于活化过电位的影响，在充放电循环中损失了16%的能量。相反，由于两种电解质在锕系元素中的反应都很快，在Np的情况下，活化过电位引起的能量损失保持在2%。2004年研制成功了以U（V）和U（III）为正负极电解质的铀电池，并进行了充放电实验，验证了电池的能量效率。结果，证实了该铀电池释放的电力足以使电动机转子旋转。另一方面，U（V）和U（III）的浓度在放电和充电状态下，分别在半衰变周期内衰变约几个小时。由于这意味着铀络合物的稳定性不够，因此在2005年，进行了迄今为止仅研究的U（V）和U（III）络合物的研究。成功地制备了半衰期超过半年的U（V）络合物溶液。还成功地制备了U（III）二酰胺络合物，并在其在溶液中11小时的半衰期期间，研究了U（III）/U（IV）的电极反应。

项目成果

Magnetic properties of Lu2Fe17 crystals

Lu2Fe17晶体的磁性

• DOI: 10.1016/s0925-8388(03)00419-5
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Journal of Alloys and Compounds
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: A. Andreev;D. Rafaja;J. Kamarád;Z. Arnold;Y. Homma;Y. Shiokawa
• 通讯作者: Y. Shiokawa

Magnetic properties of (Lu1−xYx)2Fe17 single crystals

(Lu1−xYx)2Fe17单晶的磁性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2003.11.082
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Physica B-condensed Matter
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: A. Andreev;D. Rafaja;J. Kamarád;Z. Arnold;Y. Homma;Y. Shiokawa
• 通讯作者: Y. Shiokawa

Electron-Transfer Kinetics of Np3 + ∕ Np4 + , NpO2 + ∕ NpO2 2 + , V2 + ∕ V3 + , and VO2 + ∕ VO2 + at Carbon Electrodes

• DOI: 10.1149/1.1870794
• 发表时间: 2005-04
• 期刊: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: T. Yamamura;N. Watanabe;T. Yano;Y. Shiokawa

酸化ルテニウム触媒超臨界水による放射性廃棄物処理

使用氧化钌催化剂超临界水处理放射性废物

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 火力原子力発電 57
• 作者: 杉山亘;岡田英嗣;杉田雄二;朴基 哲;冨安博;山村朝雄
• 通讯作者: 山村朝雄

Anisotropic superconducting gap in transuranium superconductor PuRhGa_5 : GaNQR study on a single crystal

超铀超导体 PuRhGa_5 中的各向异性超导能隙：单晶的 GaNQR 研究

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74・6
• 作者: Hashimoto;K.;H.lgarashi;S.Mano;M.Nishimura;T.Shimmen;E.Yokota;兒玉 了祐 共著;Shirai H. et al.;H.Sakai et al.
• 通讯作者: H.Sakai et al.