A model study on biodiversity inventory and ecological classification of organisms living on and around oak trees

橡树及其周围生物多样性清单和生态分类的模型研究

• 批准号: 15207008
• 负责人: TODA Masanori
• 金额: $ 31.95万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15207008/
• 关键词: Quercus; forest soil; canopy observation system; species reference collection; biodiversity; biological information; field experiment; relational database

We have conducted research focusing on biodiversity inventory and ecological processes surrounding oak (Quercus spp.) trees to understand relationships between biodiversity and ecological functions in a cool-temperate forest ecosystem.For the biodiversity inventory, we investigated species composition and spatio-temporal distribution of herbivores, predators, and decomposers on and around oak trees. Then, we revealed community structures of aphids, leaf miners, above-ground-beetles, earthworms, lepidopteran larvae, mites, and psocids separately. In addition, we examined arthropod communities in special microhabitats such as under tree barks and within acorns. Furthermore, we censused population dynamics of rodents, deers, and other middle-size mammals.For ecological aspects, we revealed, by field experimental methods, a part of interactive processes between some components of forest ecosystem. Concerning interactions between environment, oak trees and herbivores, we found that experime … More ntal fertilization and cutting of surrounding trees both improved the quality of oak leaves, which enhanced the herbivory. There was a difference in the leaf quality between the canopy and the lower stratum, with the corresponding difference in the species composition of lepidopteran larvae. As another aspect of leaf characteristics, the difference in the genetic constitution of oak trees affected the diversity of the herbivore community. For the decomposition system, we found that removal of earthworms increased the amount of leaf litter deposit, and that mixing the leaf litter of Quercus crispula with Magnolia kobus var. borealis enhanced the degradation rate.These results have been publicized on the Internet, and moreover, we have developed and disclosed the "Comprehensive biological information database system", which could support biodiversity studies. This relational database system consists of the general classification system applicable for any taxonomic group (Biological Classification and Identification System : BioCIS), the general table-structure database system, and the general hierarchical-structure database system. Less

我们开展了以橡树（Quercus spp.）周围的生物多样性清查和生态过程为重点的研究，以了解冷温带森林生态系统生物多样性与生态功能之间的关系。在生物多样性清查中，我们调查了橡树及其周围食草动物、捕食者和分解者的物种组成和时空分布。然后，我们分别揭示了蚜虫、潜叶蛾、地上甲虫、蚯蚓、鳞翅目幼虫、螨虫和螨虫的群落结构。此外，我们还研究了特殊微生境中的节肢动物群落，例如树皮下和橡子内。此外，我们还普查了啮齿动物、鹿和其他中型哺乳动物的种群动态。在生态方面，我们通过野外实验的方法揭示了森林生态系统某些组成部分之间的相互作用过程。关于环境、橡树和食草动物之间的相互作用，我们发现实验施肥和砍伐周围树木都提高了橡树叶的质量，从而增强了食草动物。冠层和下层的叶片品质存在差异，鳞翅目幼虫的种类组成也有相应的差异。作为叶子特征的另一个方面，橡树遗传构成的差异影响了草食动物群落的多样性。对于分解系统，我们发现去除蚯蚓增加了落叶沉积量，并且将卷叶栎和木兰的落叶混合。这些结果已在互联网上公布，并且我们开发并公开了“综合生物信息数据库系统”，为生物多样性研究提供支持。该关系数据库系统由适用于任何分类群的通用分类系统（生物分类和识别系统：BioCIS）、通用表结构数据库系统和通用层次结构数据库系统组成。较少的

项目成果

Acoustic identification of eight species of bat (Mammalia : Chiroptera) inhabiting forests of sourthern Hokkaido, Japan : potential for conservation monitoring.

对栖息在日本北海道南部森林中的八种蝙蝠（哺乳动物：翼手目）进行声学识别：保护监测的潜力。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Zoological Science 21
• 作者: Fukui;D.
• 通讯作者: D.

Two new species that are likely to represent the most basal clade of the genus Trichadenotecnum (Psocoptera : Psocidae).

两个新物种可能代表 Trichadenotecnum 属（Psocoptera：Psocidae）的最基本分支。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Entomological Science 6
• 作者: Yoshizawa;K.
• 通讯作者: K.

フィールドステーションにおける生物多様性研究の展開

实地站生物多样性研究的发展

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: タクサ (16)
• 作者: G.E.Bentley et al.;日浦勉
• 通讯作者: 日浦勉

Development of a large enclosure system for sika deer in the Tomakomai Experimental Forest : A study of the existence of sika deer affecting the dynamics of forest plant community.

苫小牧实验林梅花鹿大型围栏系统的开发：研究梅花鹿的存在对森林植物群落动态的影响。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Technical Report for Boreal Forest Conservation of the Hokkaido University Forests 22
• 作者: Ichikawa;K.;Ishii;T.;Kumikawa;M.;Sato;T.;Miyoshi;H.;Motomae;T.;Yanagida;T.;Agetsuma;N.;Hiura;T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Biodiversity research from a stand point of museum -A bridge between field works and taxonomy -.

从博物馆的角度进行生物多样性研究 - 实地工作和分类学之间的桥梁 -。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Taxa (16)
• 作者: Ohara;M.
• 通讯作者: M.