Phylogenetic analysis of the family Drosophilidae, focused from the genus Lordiphosa

以果蝇属为重点的果蝇科系统发育分析

• 批准号: 08640876
• 负责人: TODA Masanori
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08640876/
• 关键词: Drosophilinae; Lordiphosa; phylogeny; cladistic analysis; morphology; monophyly

Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Lordiphosa and some major taxa in the subfamily Drosophilinae were analyzed in this study. A total of 41 drosophilid species, including four species of the subfamily Steganinae as an outgroup and 18 species of five Lordiphosa species-groups, were selected, and 66 adult morphological characters were extracted for the analyzes. The data matrix was subjected to a cladistic analysis by phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (PAUP 3.1.1) computer program. The confidential value for each clade of the maximum parsimony tree was given by a bootstrap analysis.Based upon a consensus tree from three most parsimonious trees and the bootstrap values, the following conclusions were deduced. 1) Lordiphosa is polyphyletic. 2) The Lo.tenuicauda species-group, which itself is paraphyletic, makes a monophyletic group together with the genus Nesiodrosophila. 3) The remaining Lordiphosa species make themselves another monophyletic group as the sister group to the subgenus Sophophora. 4) Within Lordiphosa except the tenuicauda group, the fenestrarum and the denticeps groups are each monophyletic, the nigricolor group is to be divided into two monophyletic groups, but the monophyly of the miki group is not strongly supported by the bootstrap value. 5) The genus Hirtodrosophila and Scaptomyza are each monophyletic. 6) Within the Drosophilinae, the genus Scaptodrosophila is regarded as having first splitted from the main lineage. However, the subsequent branching order of other clades, Lordiphosa+Sophophora, Chymomyza, Dorsilopha, Hirtodrosophila, Scaptomyza, Nesiodrosophila+Lo.tenuicauda species-group, and Drosophila, remains unsolved.

本研究分析了Lordiphosa属与果蝇亚科主要类群的系统发育关系。共筛选出41种果蝇，其中4种为果蝇亚科，18种隶属于5个种组，提取66个成虫形态特征进行分析。使用简约系统发育分析(PAUP 3.1.1)计算机程序对数据矩阵进行分支分析。通过Bootstrap分析，给出了最大简约树的每个分支的密钥值。基于三棵最简约树的共识树和Bootstrap值，得出了以下结论。1)Lordiphosa是多系种。2)细尾类与新果蝇属共同组成一个单系类群，该种群本身是同源的。3)其余Lordiphosa种成为苦参亚属的姐妹群，成为另一个单系群。4)在Lordiphosa内，除细尾类群外，窗口群和齿状肌群各为单系群，黑色群被分为两个单系群，而Miki群的单系性不受Bootstrap值的强烈支持。5)水果蝇属和扇形藻属均为单系种。6)在果蝇亚科中，最早从主要谱系中分裂出来的是尖头果蝇属。然而，Lordiphosa+Sophophora、Chymmyza、Dorsilopha、Hirtofresila、Scaptomyza、Nesiodrosila+Lo.tenuicauda种群和果蝇的后续分枝顺序仍未解决。