Biological control based integrated vegetable pest management in Japan and Southeast Asia

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Vegetable farmers use so much chemical pesticide in Japan that causes serious problems such as environmental pollution, residue in food and razing of wild life. This is same in several Southeast Asian countries with rapid economic development. Establishment of biological control (BC) based integrated pest management (IPM) of vegetable is very important to improve this situation both in Japan and in Southeast Asian countries. To establish BC based IPM of vegetable, several vegetable pests, such as thrips, leafminers and diamond back moth were chosen as target pests to study. We first studied on integrated eggplant pest management based on conservation of their natural enemies in Japan and on mass culture systems of several natural enemies. At the same time we made preliminary survey on vegetable pest managements in Thailand and Vietnam. It was revealed that so many chemical pesticides including those inhibited in Japan were heavily sprayed there. On the other hand many kinds of native natural enemies were actively attacking pests in vegetable fields without chemical pesticide spray. However, inventories of natural enemies of vegetable pests are not complete in Southeast Asia. For the first step of this project we made survey on the relationship between vegetable, leafminer pests and their natural enemies in Vietnam. We also made some ecological studies on the relationship between vegetable pests and their natural enemies in Thailand and Vietnam. From the result of these studies it was suggested that further cooperative research in Japan and Southeast Asian countries was needed to establish environmentally sound pest management in this area.