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The Transformation of the Functions of Judicial System and Reforms of Legal

司法体制职能转变与法律改革

基本信息

批准号：
15252005
负责人：
SUZUKI Ken
金额：
$ 18.05万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15252005/
关键词：
Legal Profession Legal Professional Training Judicial Independence Law School Legal Education Judge Bar Exam Attorney at Law 法曹人口司法修習司法改革裁判所中国法台湾法韓国法

项目摘要

This study is about the transfiguration of judicial functioning and its impacts on legal training system in three Eastern Asian countries.1)Korea: Though, Korea was ahead of Japan in planning the law school system, it was not implemented, because it was opposed by persons in the legal professional and legal educational circles. But, after Japan, Korea decided to introduce her style of law school. What is distinctive in the system of Korea's law school is that the numbers of establishing law schools and their staffs are determined by a counting backward from number of persons, who passed the final bar exams, and schools, which establish law schools, would abolish the already existing school of law.2)Taiwan: The numbers of litigation have also increased and upgrading the quality of judicial system are matters of great urgency. Consequently, reform of judicial training is an issue under debate. Since 2005, there has been rapid emergence of the plan to introduce Japanese style of law school and there are reports that both Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Education have determined to adopt this plan. The Universities simultaneously expressed disapproval of the plan and the process got stuck.3)China: Although the Unified Bar Exam has been introduced, the quality of legal profession has not been progressive in due course and what is even worse is that there is serious in lack of legal professions in the remote areas. After the introduction of independence of judicial branch, the judges have not respected the principle of judicial independence in due course. There have been some debates about the problems of interference of judicial independence by the Judicial Committee, the internal inquiry system in the courts and the committee of politics and law of the Communist Party.

本研究是关于东亚三国司法职能转型及其对法律培训体系的影响1)韩国：虽然韩国在法学院制度的规划上领先于日本，但由于遭到法律界和法律教育界人士的反对，没有得到实施。但是，在日本之后，韩国决定引进她的法学院风格。韩国法学院制度的独特之处在于，建立法学院及其工作人员的数量是根据通过最后律师考试的人数倒数确定的，而建立法学院的学校将废除现有的法律学校。2)台湾：诉讼数量也增加了，升级司法系统的质量是当务之急。因此，司法培训改革是一个正在辩论的问题。自2005年以来，引入日式法学院的计划迅速出现，有报道称，司法部和教育部都已决定采用这一计划。3)中国：虽然实行了律师统一考试，但法律专业的素质并没有得到应有的提高，更糟糕的是，偏远地区的法律专业人才严重缺乏。在引入司法独立后，法官并没有及时尊重司法独立的原则。关于司法委员会干预司法独立、法院内部询问制度和中共政法委干预司法独立的问题，一直存在一些争论。